Table 1 Cohort characteristics.
From: Predicting prostate cancer specific-mortality with artificial intelligence-based Gleason grading
Validation set 1 | Validation set 2 (subset of set 1) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Number of cases | 2807 | 1517 | |
Number of slides | Total | 83,645 | 47,626 |
Median per case (interquartile range) | 29 (25, 34) | 30 (26, 35) | |
Overall survival (OS) | Median years of follow-up (interquartile range) | 13.1 (8.5, 17.2) | 11.2 (7.4, 15.2) |
Censored (%) | 2150 (77%) | 1306 (86%) | |
Observed (%) | 657 (23%) | 211 (14%) | |
Disease-specific survival (DSS) (%) | Censored | 2673 (95%) | 1464 (97%) |
Observed | 134 (5%) | 53 (3%) | |
Grade Group (%) | 1 | 611 (22%) | 608 (40%) |
2 | 476 (17%) | 473 (31%) | |
3 | 224 (8%) | 224 (15%) | |
4 | 128 (5%) | 127 (8%) | |
5 | 85 (3%) | 85 (6%) | |
Unknown | 1283 (46%) | 0 (0%) | |
Pathologic T-stage (%) | T2 | 1640 (58%) | 1113 (73%) |
T3 | 791 (28%) | 366 (24%) | |
T4 | 25 (1%) | 6 (<1%) | |
Unknown | 351 (13%) | 32 (2%) | |
Age at diagnosis (%) | <60 | 952 (34%) | 537 (35%) |
60–70 | 1546 (55%) | 817 (54%) | |
≥70 | 309 (11%) | 163 (11%) | |
Margin status (%) | Negative | 448 (16%) | 153 (10%) |
Positive | 242 (9%) | 96 (6%) | |
Unknown | 2117 (75%) | 1268 (84%) | |
Pathologic N-stage (%) | N0 | 1395 (50%) | 879 (58%) |
N1 | 77 (3%) | 62 (4%) | |
N2 | 13 (<1%) | 4 (<1%) | |
N3 | 10 (<1%) | 8 (1%) | |
Unknown | 1312 (47%) | 564 (37%) | |
Received hormone or chemotherapy (%) | Yes | 53 (2%) | 33 (2%) |
No/unknown | 2754 (98%) | 1484 (98%) | |
Received radiation therapy (%) | Yes | 277 (10%) | 176 (12%) |
No/unknown | 2530 (90%) | 1341 (88%) | |
Biochemical recurrence (%) | Censored | 338 (12%) | 228 (15%) |
Observed | 95 (3%) | 55 (4%) | |
No follow-up | 2374 (85%) | 1234 (81%) | |
