How to cite

How and why to cite your sources

• Academic integrity Concordia University

Zotero

Zotero is a desktop application that allows you to manage and organize your bibliographic references while simplifying the process of preparing a bibliography.

Formatting citations in databases

Some database providers, such as EBSCO and ProQuest, allow you to format references using a particular style (ex. APA, Chicago, MLA, etc.), and email or print these formatted references.

Note: Always review the citations formatted by the database. Compare results with style guidelines listed on this guide for the exact formatting and punctuation.

APA style

• APA citation style - 7th edition - guidelines and examples prepared by Concordia Library
• Citing Business Databases in APA Format - guidelines and examples prepared by Concordia Library
• APA style guide to electronic references (access restricted to Concordia users)
• APA Style Website from the APA (American Psychological Association)
• APA Formatting and Style Guide (Purdue University Online Writing Lab)
• APA Style (Murdoch University)
• How to set up a running head APA style in MS Word - prepared by Concordia Library
• Way of APA workshop slides

MLA style

• MLA style guide - guidelines and examples prepared by Concordia Library
• MLA Handbook, 9th edition (full text online version) (access restricted to Concordia users)
• MLA Style 101 videos (MLA Handbook Plus) (access restricted to Concordia users)
• MLA Formatting and Style Guide - MLA General Format (Purdue University Online Writing Lab)
• MLA Citation Style (Long Island University)

Turabian style

"Turabian style" refers to the formatting guidelines in A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations by Kate Turabian (available in print at Concordia Library). The manual is a basic introduction to formatting and the Chicago citation style for social sciences term papers.

Two forms of citation are permitted by Turabian: 1) footnotes with a bibliography, or 2) parenthetical references with a reference list at the end of the paper, known as author-date.

• Turabian citation quick guide: notes and bibliography and author-date
• Turabian student paper formatting examples

Chicago style

• Chicago style guide - guidelines and examples prepared by Concordia Library
• Chicago Manual of Style (full text online version) (access restricted to Concordia users)
• Chicago-Style Citation Quick Guide (Chicago Manual of Style)
• Chicago Manual of Style (Purdue University Online Writing Lab)
• Chicago - Referencing Guide (Murdoch University)

Style Chicago francisé

• Style Chicago (17 e édition) francisé – Guide de l’Université de Montréal
• Style Chicago (17 e édition) francisé pour Zotero (Université de Montréal)
• Style Chicago (17 e édition) francisé – Guide de l’Université d’Ottawa

Society of Biblical Literature (SBL)

• SBL style guide - guidelines and examples prepared by Concordia Library
• The SBL handbook of style: for ancient Near Eastern, Biblical, and early Christian studies (print format)
• The SBL handbook of style: for biblical studies and related disciplines (full text online version) (access restricted to Concordia users)
• Student Supplement for The SBL Handbook of Style
• Barton College guides

Biblical fonts

The Society of Biblical Literature has developed fonts for digital and print use, inlcuding SBL BibLit, which combines Greek, Hebrew, and Latin characters, including transliteration diacritics, SBL Greek, a Greek-specific font, and SBL Hebrew, a Hebrew-specific font.

Download SBL fonts.

IEEE style

• IEEE style guide - guidelines and examples prepared by Concordia Library
• IEEE Editorial Style Manual (IEEE Author Center).
• IEEE Professional Communication Society (Guidelines for Preparing References).

Citing legal and government publications

• Government information & legal citation guides

Other citation guides

• American Anthropological Association Publishing Style Guide
• American Chemical Society (ACS) Style Guide
• American Medical Association (AMA) citation style
• American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) style guide
• American Sociological Association's Quick Tips for ASA Style
• Citation guides by subject and style (McGill University)
• Comment présenter sa bibliographie (Université du Québec à Montréal)
• Documenting Sources in the Disciplines (Purdue University Online Writing Lab)
• How to Cite Statistics Canada Products

Online citation tools

• CitationGenerator
• ZoteroBib