Jump to content

Criticism of Apple Inc.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Apple Inc. has been the subject of criticism and legal action since its founding. This include its handling of issues related to labor violations at its outsourced manufacturing hubs in China, environmental impact of its supply chains, tax and monopoly practices, a lack of diversity and women in leadership in corporate and retail, various labor conditions—notably the mishandling of complaints from women involving sexual misconduct, and its response to worker organizing.

Antitrust and anti-competitive practices[edit]

See also: App Store (Apple), Mac App Store, and High-Tech Employee Antitrust Litigation
Main article: Litigation involving Apple Inc.

United States v. Apple is a US lawsuit brought against Apple in 2024. The United States Department of Justice (DOJ) alleges that Apple violated antitrust statutes.[1][2] The lawsuit contrasts the practices of Apple with those of Microsoft in United States v. Microsoft Corp., and alleges that Apple is engaging in similar tactics and committing even more egregious violations.[3] This lawsuit comes in the wake of Epic Games v. Apple and the enforcement of the Digital Markets Act in the European Union.[4]

Apple, Google, and other major technology companies illegally conspired in a "no-poaching" pact to prevent employees from seeking improved compensation, which The New York Times called "embarrassing."[5] A class-action lawsuit was settled for $415 million in 2015.[6]

Intellectual property enforcement[edit]

Apple is litigious in enforcing its Intellectual property (IP) rights through lawsuits and by challenging trademark applications. This was described as bullying by The New York Times. Apple has blocked a trademark of a logo with three interlocking apples used by the Appleton Area School District, a podcast named "Talk About Apples" from an artist in Atlanta, Apple Urgent Care in Riverside County, California, the stage name of a singer-songwriter, "Franki Pineapple,"[7] DOPi, a company that makes laptop bags and phone cases, for the lowercase i, and Woolworths Supermarkets, which shapes their W logo into an apple.[8][9] NBC News referred to the practice as "lunacy."[10] In 2023, Apple attempted to gain IP rights over depictions of apples in Switzerland.[11] Smaller competitors told the United States Congress in 2020 that such "bullying" drives them out of business, stifling competition.[12] The Register wrote in 2006 that Apple "sues itself in the foot" for a lawsuit against a community site for deep linking to the MacBook Pro service manual claiming the site infringed on their IP rights.[13] Apple has persecuted blogs with civil and criminal complaints over IP to maintain its culture of secrecy.[14]

Culture of secrecy[edit]

Employees have criticized Apple's culture of secrecy saying that levels of disclosure create hierarchies of superiority at the company and that the secrecy conflates legally-protected speech such as working conditions with protecting product development.[15][16] They also said it wears developers down and isolates them from their loved ones.[17][18] The strict secrecy drew ire after a worker who lost a device died by suicide.[19][20] In 2017, an Apple engineer was fired after his daughter recorded a video of the new iPhone X in the cafeteria and posted it to YouTube.[21] Apple aggressively investigates potential leaks and prosecutes and litigates against employees who are caught.[22][23][24][25] The NLRB made a statement that Apple's rules and communication around secrecy violate federal labor laws.[26]

The Outline called Apple's culture of secrecy a "needless cult" because they said it doesn't stop anything from being leaked.[27] Apple has passed out misinformation in an effort to find leakers and keep the media unsure of Apple Inc.'s current developments.[28] Apple also orchestrates leaks of information to the public to gauge potential viability of products such as the Apple iPad.[29] The Guardian reported research that shows pre-release information about a product gives people the time and opportunity to consider their purchases carefully, while sudden product launches cause people to make purchases more impulsively.[30][31]

In 2010, a Reuters reporter was assaulted while taking photos outside of a Foxconn plant during an investigation.[32] Later that year, Apple obtained a search warrant to raid a Gizmodo blogger's home in search of an iPhone prototype that was purchased from someone who found it at a bar. The man who found it at the bar was charged with theft.[33] The blogger was cleared of all charges.[34] The New York Times described Apple's response to the events as "churlish."[35] Columbia Journalism Review published an article about Apple's aggressive behavior toward journalists to maintain secrecy, referencing the Gizmodo case, but also three lawsuits Apple filed against bloggers for reporting on leaked trade secrets.[14]

Environmental impact[edit]

Main article: Environmental impact of Apple

Apple has received both praise and criticism for its environmental practices, the former for its usage reduction of hazardous chemicals in its products and transition to clean energy supplies, and the latter for its wasteful use of raw materials in manufacturing, its vigorous opposition to right to repair laws, and the amount of e-waste created by its products.[36][citation needed]

Labor conditions in corporate and retail[edit]

Main articles: Apple and unions and AppleToo

Apple retail employees have unionized or formed work councils around the globe in response to wages, excessive overtime, health and safety concerns, and employee surveillance.[37][38][39] In the United States, the company has faced criticism for what is perceived to be an anti-union stance and stifling worker organizing, resulting in unfair labor practice charges with the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB).[40][41] Some charges have also come from corporate workers,[26] who formed a solidarity union called Apple Together as a "global network of solidarity between [Apple] unions."[42] Corporate employees also spoke out about employee privacy to The Verge.[43]

Apple has been criticized for a lack of diversity[44] and a culture of sexual harassment and mishandling of complaints by human resources and management.[45][46][47] In particular, wage gaps and the failure to promote women into leadership have been criticized since the early 1990s.[48][49][50] In 2022, Apple removed concealment clauses from its employment agreements after a practice of offering severance in exchange for non-disclosure agreements was reported by Financial Times, corroborated by a third-party audit, and reported to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.[46][51][52] Employees remarked that it was a part of Apple's culture of secrecy.[53] A gender pay bias and sexual harassment lawsuit was filed in June 2024 seeking class status.[54]

Labor conditions in supply chain[edit]

Main article: Apple supply chain

Contract manufacturers[edit]

See also: Foxconn and unions

Apple manufactures most of its products in China through partners like Foxconn. Apple's decision to outsource its manufacturing has received significant criticism, due to allegations of poor working conditions, long work hours, and other labor rights violations.[55][56] A total of 18 suicide attempts were recorded at the Foxconn facility in 2010, with 14 attempts resulting in deaths.[57][58][59] At least one suicide was due to the company's culture of secrecy after the worker lost a prototype.[20] The Guardian reported an audit of Apple's supply chain found two-thirds of its factories did not properly compensate its workers, lacked proper safety and environmental credentials, and several instances of 15-year old workers.[60]

Apple, Foxconn and Chinese workers are stakeholders in high-technology production, but relations between the three are perceived by analysts as imbalanced. Apple was able to capture 58.5 percent of the value of the iPhone, despite the fact that the manufacture of the product is entirely outsourced. Particularly notable is that labor costs in China account for the smallest share: 1.8 percent, or nearly US$10, of the US$549 retail price. While both Apple and Foxconn rely on Chinese workers to perform 12-hour working days to meet demand, the costs of Chinese labor in processing and assembly are insignificant in the overall commercial success of Apple. Other major component providers—such as Samsung and LG—captured slightly over 14 percent of the value of the iPhone, while the cost of raw materials was just over one-fifth of the total value (21.9 percent).[61]

In 2020, The Information published "Apple Took Three Years to Cut Ties With Supplier That Used Underage Labor,"[62] an article which detailed the company's reluctance to sever partnerships in their supply chain, even when they violate its ethics policies using child labor.[63]

Conflict minerals and cobalt suppliers[edit]

An Amnesty International report on cobalt mining in the Democratic Republic of the Congo linked Apple to suppliers using child labor, some children as young as seven in 2016.[64] The following year, The Washington Post reported Apple's intention to stop buying cobalt from the region until conditions were improved.[65] Victims of child labor in the cobalt mines attempted to sue Apple and other technology companies, but were dismissed by the courts on procedural grounds.[66] In 2023, an investigation into corporate technology supply chains carried out by The Independent found that Apple was among 400 companies associated with the Responsible Minerals Initiative (RMI) to root out child labor and human rights violations. Issues reported ranged from mines burying workers alive—including children—to sexual assault and birth defects caused by exposure to toxins. RMI said that the audits do not include site visits, despite being aware of the conditions at mines. Siddharth Kara, author of Cobalt Red, told The Independent, "there’s not much happening of any merit to assist the people of the Congo in addressing the human rights and environmental violations taking place every day as a consequence of cobalt mining."[67] The Congolese government threatened legal action against Apple in 2024,[68] later alleging they had evidence linking Apple to conflict areas.[69]

Security practices[edit]

Apple consumers have the perspective that its products are more secure than its competitor's, due to Apple's advertising practices.[70] Apple products are less likely to breached by a hacker or infected by a virus/malware, though this is mainly due to the lack of interest by hackers to attack Apple products.[71][72] A 2006 report by McAfee found a 228 percent increase of the annual rate of vulnerabilities in Apple's products in the period 2003–2005, more than three times that of Microsoft's.[73][74] The public's lack of awareness over the security vulnerabilities of Apple products has created criticism over Apple misleading the public and has been risen over the years.[70][75][76] In 2022, hackers exploited a security flaw that allowed them to take full control of devices—including the Mac.[77] Security experts believe that Apple plays down security concerns,[78] don't pay researchers on par with the industry, and are slow to acknowledge and fix reported security bugs.[79]

CNET said that Apple's delay to fix security flaws puts users at risk and attributed it to the company's culture of secrecy. In 2011, it took Apple nearly three years to fix the vulnerability that led to the exploit of the FinFisher trojan.[78] A security flaw in JAVA took Apple six months to update, far longer than other companies, drawing sharp criticism by experts and journalists.[76][80][81] A security flaw in Find My reported by a former Apple security engineer took five months to be addressed.[82] Apple's AirTag was identified as a stalking vector at the time of their release in 2021, on a much larger scale than similar products from Tile.[83] In 2024, a judge denied Apple's motion to dismiss a lawsuit on behalf of stalking victims who allege that Apple has not done enough to "diminish the ability of stalkers to use AirTags effectively."[84]

Taxes[edit]

Main article: Apple's EU tax dispute

Apple has created subsidiaries in low-tax places such as Ireland, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and the British Virgin Islands to cut the taxes it pays around the world. According to The New York Times, in the 1980s Apple was among the first tech companies to designate overseas salespeople in high-tax countries in a manner that allowed the company to sell on behalf of low-tax subsidiaries on other continents, sidestepping income taxes. In the late 1980s, Apple was a pioneer of an accounting technique known as the "Double Irish with a Dutch sandwich", which reduces taxes by routing profits through Irish subsidiaries and the Netherlands and then to the Caribbean.[85][86]

There is also a decade-long dispute between Apple and the European Commission regarding the tax arrangements between Apple and Ireland, which allowed the company to pay close to zero corporate tax over 10 years.[87]

References[edit]

  1. ^ McCabe, David; Mickle, Tripp (March 21, 2024). "U.S. Sues Apple, Accusing It of Maintaining an iPhone Monopoly". The New York Times. Retrieved March 22, 2024. The Justice Department and 16 state attorneys general filed an antitrust lawsuit against Apple on Thursday, the federal government's most significant challenge to the reach and influence of the company that has put iPhones in the hands of more than a billion people.
  2. ^ "Justice Department Sues Apple for Monopolizing Smartphone Markets". U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
  3. ^ Song, Victoria (2024-03-21). "US v. Apple: everything you need to know". The Verge. Retrieved 2024-03-21.
  4. ^ Radel, Felecia. "What the DOJ lawsuit against Apple could mean for consumers". USA Today. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
  5. ^ Streitfeld, David (2015-01-14). "Bigger Settlement Said to Be Reached in Silicon Valley Antitrust Case". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  6. ^ "Judge approves settlement in Apple, Google wage case". Los Angeles Times. 2015-09-03. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  7. ^ Mac, Ryan; Browning, Kellen (2022-03-11). "Apps and Oranges: Behind Apple's 'Bullying' on Trademarks". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  8. ^ Moses, Julian Lee and Asher (2010-03-12). "Apple's future won't be brought to you by the letter 'i'". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  9. ^ Bleby, Michael (2015-01-09). "Apple's bite the ultimate accolade for Hulsbosch, the lord of logos". Australian Financial Review. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  10. ^ Raphael, JR (2009-10-15). "Apple's logo lunacy: 5 previous trademark tiffs". NBC News. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  11. ^ Galindo, Gabriela. "Apple Is Taking On Apples in a Truly Weird Trademark Battle". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  12. ^ Nylen, Leah; Lima, Cristiano (January 17, 2020). "Big Tech's 'bully' tactics stifle competition, smaller rivals tell Congress". Politico. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  13. ^ Orlowski, Andrew (May 4, 2006). "Apple sues itself in the foot (again)". The Register. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  14. ^ a b Chittum, Ryan. "Apple's Aggression Against the Press (Yep, Gizmodo Counts)". Columbia Journalism Review. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  15. ^ Schiffer, Zoë (2021-09-30). "Apple's fortress of secrecy is crumbling from the inside". The Verge. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  16. ^ Turton, William. "Inside Apple's global war on leakers". The Outline. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  17. ^ Bort, Julie (2017-01-16). "Apple's culture of secrecy is wearing down its developers". The Economic Times. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  18. ^ Edwards, Jim (2016-12-16). "Apple employees break their vow of secrecy to describe the best — and worst — things about working for Apple | The Independent". The Independent. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  19. ^ Barboza, David (2009-07-27). "IPhone Maker in China Is Under Fire After a Suicide". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  20. ^ a b Topping, Alexandra (2009-07-22). "Apple factory worker kills himself after disappearance of prototype". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  21. ^ Gilbert, Ben. "Apple fired an iPhone X engineer after his daughter's hands-on video went viral". Business Insider. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  22. ^ Mark, Gurman (April 13, 2018). "Apple Warns Employees to Stop Leaking Information to Media". Bloomberg. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  23. ^ Browning, Kellen (2021-11-02). "Another Apple Worker Says the Company Retaliated Against Her". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  24. ^ Brodkin, Jon (2021-03-12). "Apple alleges ex-MacBook Pro designer leaked secret details to reporter". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  25. ^ Khalid, Amrita (2024-03-29). "Apple sues former iOS engineer for allegedly leaking Vision Pro, Journal app details". The Verge. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  26. ^ a b Mickle, Tripp (2023-01-31). "Regulators Find Apple's Secrecy Violates Workers' Rights". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  27. ^ Turton, William. "Apple's needless cult of secrecy". The Outline. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  28. ^ Stone, Brad (2009-06-22), Apple’s Obsession With Secrecy Grows Stronger, New York Times
  29. ^ Appleinsider Staff (2010-01-06), Former Apple marketing manager describes company's 'controlled leaks', Appleinsider
  30. ^ Arthur, Charles (2008-02-21). "Why Apple's secretive approach is so effective". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-06-20.
  31. ^ Grant, Susan Jung; Tybout, Alice M. (2008). "The Effect of Temporal Frame on Information Considered in New Product Evaluation: The Role of Uncertainty". Journal of Consumer Research. 34 (6): 897–913. doi:10.1086/527342. ISSN 0093-5301.
  32. ^ "For Apple suppliers, loose lips can sink contracts". February 17, 2010. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  33. ^ Sandoval, Greg; McCullagh, Declan (October 11, 2011). "iPhone theft suspects enter no-contest plea". CNET. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  34. ^ Poulsen, Kevin. "Gizmodo Cleared in Prototype iPhone Police Probe". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  35. ^ Carr, David (2010-05-03). "A Lost iPhone Shows Apple's Churlish Side". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  36. ^ Dayaram, Sareena (September 26, 2023). "How Green Is Apple? A Closer Look at the iPhone-Maker's Sustainability Credentials". CNET. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  37. ^ Zhuang, Yan (October 18, 2022). "New Crack in Apple's Armor as Dozens Strike at Its Stores in Australia". New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-11-15.
  38. ^ "Neuer Betriebsrat: Apple-Beschäftigte kritisieren miese Arbeitsbedingungen" [Apple employees criticize lousy working conditions]. Der Spiegel (in German). February 16, 2012. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2021-08-28.
  39. ^ Martinelli, Nicole (October 28, 2011). "Italian Apple Employees Strike Before iPhone 4S Launch". Cult of Mac. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2021-08-28.
  40. ^ Eidelson, Josh (December 16, 2022). "Apple Created a Pseudo-Union to Defeat Organizers in Ohio, Complaint Claims". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 2023-01-06.
  41. ^ Vincent, James (May 19, 2022). "Apple accused of union busting in its stores for the second time this week". The Verge. Retrieved 19 May 2022.
  42. ^ Corrales, Roberto; Aguiar, Alberto R. (November 3, 2022). "Los sindicatos de Apple crean una red de solidaridad mundial, de Maryland a Tokio pasando por Barcelona: qué demandan en España". Business Insider España (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-11-15.
  43. ^ Schiffer, Zoe (August 30, 2021). "Apple cares about privacy, unless you work at Apple". The Verge. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
  44. ^ Silberling, Amanda (2023-05-18). "Apple retail still has a diversity problem, union says". TechCrunch. Retrieved 2024-06-14.
  45. ^ Anguiano, Dani (2021-09-03). "#AppleToo: employees organize and allege harassment and discrimination". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
  46. ^ a b McGee, Patrick (August 4, 2022). "The women calling out Apple's handling of misconduct claims". The Financial Times. Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  47. ^ Benner, Katie (2016-02-26). "Apple Shareholders Show Their Support for Tim Cook". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  48. ^ Fenton, Erfert (September 1991). "Inside Apple". MacWorld. No. 9109. pp. 180–181.
  49. ^ Lecher, Colin (2017-09-12). "As gender diversity battles roil Silicon Valley, Apple puts just one woman onstage". The Verge. Retrieved 2024-06-16.
  50. ^ Benner, Katie (2016-02-26). "Apple Shareholders Show Their Support for Tim Cook". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  51. ^ McGee, Patrick (December 9, 2022). "Apple to end employee gagging clauses after activist campaign". The Financial Times. Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  52. ^ Roth, Emma (December 10, 2022). "Apple will let its employees talk about discrimination and abuse". The Verge. Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  53. ^ Fox, Kevin (November 23, 2021). "Apple Reportedly Lied in Recent Memo about NDAs and Silencing Employees". Paste Magazine. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  54. ^ Marcus, Josh (14 June 2024). "Apple employees sue saying female workers are 'systematically' paid less than men". The Independent. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  55. ^ "Study Casts Doubts on Apple's Ethical Standards". China Labor Watch. February 24, 2016.
  56. ^ "Poor Working Conditions Persist at Apple Supplier Pegatron". China Labor Watch. October 22, 2015.
  57. ^ Lau, Mimi (December 15, 2010). "Struggle for Foxconn girl who wanted to die". South China Morning Post. Wuhan, Hubei.
  58. ^ Tam, Fiona (October 11, 2010). "Foxconn factories are labour camps: report". South China Morning Post.
  59. ^ "Foxconn worker plunges to death at China plant: report". Reuters. November 5, 2010.
  60. ^ Johnson, Bobbie; Francisco, San (2010-03-01). "Will child labour claims stop you buying Apple?". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  61. ^ Chan, Jenny; Ngai Pun; Mark Selden (2013). "The politics of global production: Apple, Foxconn and China's new working class". New Technology, Work and Employment. 28 (2): 104–105. doi:10.1111/ntwe.12008. S2CID 154073206.
  62. ^ Ma, Wayne (December 21, 2020). "Apple Took Three Years to Cut Ties With Supplier That Used Underage Labor". The Information. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  63. ^ Sonnemaker, Tyler. "Apple knew a supplier was using child labor but took 3 years to fully cut ties, despite the company's promises to hold itself to the 'highest standards,' report says". Business Insider. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  64. ^ Toor, Amar (2016-01-19). "Apple and Samsung suppliers linked to child labor in Africa, report says". The Verge. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  65. ^ Frankel, Todd C. (March 3, 2017). "Apple cracks down further on cobalt supplier in Congo as child labor persists". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  66. ^ "Apple, Tesla Beat Bid to Revive Cobalt Mine Labor Case (Correct)". news.bloomberglaw.com. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  67. ^ Boyle, Louise (2023-02-23). "Cobalt mining for Big Tech is driving child labor, deaths in the Congo". The Independent. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  68. ^ Carter, Sarah (2024-04-29). "African nation threatens Apple with legal action over alleged "blood minerals" in its gadgets - CBS News". CBS. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  69. ^ "Lawyers representing Congo claim to have new evidence on Apple's use of conflict minerals". MINING.COM. 2024-05-22. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  70. ^ a b Viega, J. (2009). The Myths of Security: What the Computer Security Industry Doesn't Want You to Know. O'Reilly Media, Inc. ISBN 0596523025.
  71. ^ "20 zero-day security holes in Mac OS X to be revealed". May 20, 2009. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
  72. ^ "Apple's Mac OS 'lagging behind Vista on security". 27 August 2009. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
  73. ^ Gonsalves, Antone. "Security Threats Rising For Apple Macs | CRN". www.crn.com. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  74. ^ "The new Apple of Malware's Eye: Is Mac OS X the next Windows?" (PDF). 2006. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
  75. ^ "Apple is the new hacker bulls-eye". June 17, 2010. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
  76. ^ a b "It's time for the FTC to investigate Mac security". May 26, 2009. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
  77. ^ Hern, Alex (2022-08-19). "Apple security flaw 'actively exploited' by hackers to fully control devices". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  78. ^ a b Rosenblatt, Seth (February 25, 2014). "Apple's culture of secrecy delays security response -- again". CNET. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  79. ^ Albergotti, Reed (September 9, 2021). "Apple pays hackers six figures to find bugs in its software. Then it sits on their findings". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  80. ^ "Apple lags on Java security fix in OS X". May 20, 2009. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
  81. ^ "Angered by Apple delay, hacker posts Mac Java attack code". May 20, 2009. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
  82. ^ Lovejoy, Ben (September 27, 2023). "After acrimonious parting, Apple credits former engineer for identifying Find My privacy flaw". 9to5Mac. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  83. ^ Cahn, Albert Fox. "Apple's AirTags Are a Gift to Stalkers". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  84. ^ "Judge rejects Apple's request to toss out lawsuit over AirTag stalking - CBS News". CBS news. 2024-03-20. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  85. ^ Duhigg, Charles; Kocieniewski, David (April 28, 2012). "How Apple Sidesteps Billions in Taxes". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 1, 2022. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
  86. ^ Drawbaugh, Kevin; Temple-West, Patrick. "Untaxed U.S. corporate profits held overseas top $2.1 trillion: study". Reuters. Archived from the original on November 14, 2015. Retrieved February 11, 2015.; "Apple Earnings Call". Apple Inc. Archived from the original on May 1, 2016. Retrieved April 28, 2016.
  87. ^ Houlder, Vanessa; Barker, Alex; Beesley, Arthur (30 August 2016). "Apple's EU tax dispute explained". Retrieved 22 February 2023.

External[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Criticism_of_Apple_Inc.&oldid=1230102196"