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Coordinates: 33°10′N 35°16′E / 33.167°N 35.267°E / 33.167; 35.267
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{{Infobox settlement
{{references|date=March 2016}}
<!--See Template:Infobox Settlement for additional fields that may be available-->
'''Zibqin''' is a town in South [[Lebanon]], {{convert|103|km|mi|0}} from the capital, [[Beirut]], 4&nbsp;km from the border with Israel. It is {{convert|450|m|ft|1}} above sea level. The town contains old [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] and [[ancient Greece|Greek]] [[ruins]].
<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
<!-- Basic info ---------------->
|name = Zibqine
|official_name = زبقين
|other_name =
|native_name =
|nickname =
|settlement_type = Village
|total_type = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
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<!-- images and maps ----------->
|image_skyline = File:Israeli troops in south Lebanon (1982).jpg
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|image_caption =Israeli troops in Zibqin, in 1982
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<!-- Location ------------------>
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Lebanon}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Governorates of Lebanon|Governorate]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[South Governorate]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Lebanon|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tyre District|Tyre]]
<!-- Smaller parts (e.g. boroughs of a city) and seat of government -->
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<!-- Area --------------------->
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|unit_pref =Imperial<!--Enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric-->
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 = 14.57 <!-- ALL fields with measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion-->
|area_land_km2 = 14.57<!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on unit conversion-->
|area_water_km2 = 0
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<!-- Elevation -------------------------->
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<!-- Population ----------------------->
|population_as_of = 2015
|population_footnotes =
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|population_total = 3000
|population_density_km2 = <!--For automatic calculation, any density field may contain: auto -->
|population_density_sq_mi =
<!-- General information --------------->
|timezone = GMT +3
|utc_offset =
|timezone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|coor_type = <!-- can be used to specify what the coordinates refer to -->
|coordinates = {{coord|33|10|N|35|16|E|region:LB|display=inline}}
| grid_position = 175/285 [[Palestine grid|PAL]]
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
|postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
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'''Zibqine''' is a town in South [[Lebanon]], {{convert|103|km|mi|0}} from the capital, [[Beirut]], 4&nbsp;km from the border with [[Israel]] and {{convert|450|m|ft|1}} above sea level.

It was heavily damaged in the [[2006 Lebanon-Israel war]] and underwent a heavy process of rebuilding.

==Name==
According to [[Edward Henry Palmer|E. H. Palmer]], the name probably comes from the Arabic word for "to bind", or "confine".<ref>Palmer, 1881, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/46/mode/1up 46][https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/60/mode/1up 60]</ref>

==History==
In 1596, it was named as a village, ''Zibqin,'' in the [[Ottoman empire|Ottoman]] ''[[nahiya]]'' (subdistrict) of [[Tibnin]] under the ''[[Liwa (Arabic)|liwa']]'' (district) of [[Safad]], with a population of 12 households and 12 bachelor, all Muslim. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 25% on agricultural products, such as [[wheat]], [[barley]], olive trees, goats and beehives, in addition to "occasional revenues" and winter pastures; a total of 3,172 [[akçe]].<ref name="Hutteroth">Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 182</ref><ref>Note that Rhode, 1979, p. [https://www.academia.edu/2026845/The_Administration_and_Population_of_the_Sancak_of_Safed_in_the_Sixteenth_Century 6] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010135324/http://www.academia.edu/2026845/The_Administration_and_Population_of_the_Sancak_of_Safed_in_the_Sixteenth_Century |date=2016-10-10 }} writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9</ref>

In 1875, [[Victor Guérin]] found the village to contain eighty [[Metawileh]].<ref>Guérin, 1880, p. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr00gugoog#page/n451/mode/1up 411], as given by Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp01conduoft#page/152/mode/1up 152]</ref> He further "observed a great pool, constructed with regularly cut stones, and several broken [[column]]s. On the chapter of one he saw a mosaic representing a cross ''fleuronnée'', which proves that it came from a [[Church (building)|church]]."<ref>Guérin, 1880, p. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr00gugoog#page/n451/mode/1up 411], as translated by Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp01conduoft#page/193/mode/1up 193]</ref>

In 1881, the [[Palestine Exploration Fund|PEF]]'s [[PEF Survey of Palestine|''Survey of Western Palestine'' (SWP)]] described it: "Small ruined village on a hill, surrounded by brushwood; contains about thirty Moslems [..], and has olives and arable land to the south. The water is supplied by [[cistern]]s."<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp01conduoft#page/152/mode/1up 152]</ref>

During the [[2006 Lebanon-Israel war]], on 13 July, 12 civilians were killed by [[Israel]]i missiles, fired on the house of the late [[Mukhtar]]. All the victims belonged to the Bzeih family, and they included 6 women and 5 children, aged between 11 and 78 years of age. There was no [[Hezbollah]] activity in the vicinity at the time of the attack. The [[Israel Defense Forces|IDF]] gave no explanations as to why the house had been attacked.<ref>HRW, 2007, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=8P9-VqpNRv4C&pg=PA87 87]- 88</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|25em}}


It contains the following families: Bazih, Slaibi, Barakat, Moslem and Atwi (عطوي).It contains over 600 houses before Israel damage 75% of them, and has a population of 3,000. The village is 400m above sea level and has a quite intriguing geography. The village is famous for well sought after zaatar and olive oil.
==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=Claude Reignier|authorlink1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H. H.|authorlink2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp01conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]|volume=1}} (pp.152, 193)
*{{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=C.R.|authorlink1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H.H.|authorlink2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp01conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]|volume=1}}
*{{cite book|last=Guérin|first=V.|author-link=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptiongogr00gugoog|volume=3: Galilee, pt. 2|year=1880|publisher=L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=French}}
*{{cite book | last1= Hütteroth |first1=Wolf-Dieter |first2=Kamal | last2=Abdulfattah | title = Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=wqULAAAAIAAJ | year = 1977 | publisher = Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft|isbn= 3-920405-41-2}} (p. 182)
*{{cite book|author= HRW|author-link= Human Rights Watch|title= Why They Died: Civilian Casualties in Lebanon During the 2006 War|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=8P9-VqpNRv4C|year= 2007|publisher= Human Rights Watch}}
*{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E. H.|authorlink=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]}}
*{{cite book |last1=Hütteroth |first1=Wolf-Dieter |first2=Kamal |last2=Abdulfattah |title=Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wqULAAAAIAAJ |year=1977 |publisher=Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft |isbn=3-920405-41-2 }}
*{{cite book|last=Rhode |first=Harold|authorlink=Harold Rhode |date=1979 |url=http://www.academia.edu/2026845/The_Administration_and_Population_of_the_Sancak_of_Safed_in_the_Sixteenth_Century |title=Administration and Population of the Sancak of Safed in the Sixteenth Century |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}
*{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E.H.|author-link=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]}}
*{{cite book |last=Rhode |first=H. |author-link=Harold Rhode |date=1979 |url=https://www.academia.edu/2026845 |title=Administration and Population of the Sancak of Safed in the Sixteenth Century |publisher=[[Columbia University]] |access-date=2017-12-04 |archive-date=2020-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301141739/https://www.academia.edu/2026845/The_Administration_and_Population_of_the_Sancak_of_Safed_in_the_Sixteenth_Century |url-status=dead }}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


==External links==
==External links==
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 3: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8366 IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.03.jpg Wikimedia commons]
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 3: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8366 IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.03.jpg Wikimedia commons]
*[http://www.localiban.org/article4644.html Zebqine], Localiban
{{Sidon District}}
*http://zebqine.com
{{coord|33|10|N|35|16|E|display=title|region:LB_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}
{{Tyre District}}

{{Coord|33|10|N|35|16|E|display=title|region:LB_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}
[[Category:Populated places in the South Governorate]]
[[Category:Sidon_District]]


[[Category:Populated places in the Israeli security zone 1985–2000]]
{{Lebanon-geo-stub}}
[[Category:Populated places in Tyre District]]
[[Category:Shia Muslim communities in Lebanon]]

Latest revision as of 11:42, 28 February 2023

Zibqine
Village
زبقين
Israeli troops in Zibqin, in 1982
Israeli troops in Zibqin, in 1982
Zibqine is located in Lebanon
Zibqine
Zibqine
Coordinates: 33°10′N 35°16′E / 33.167°N 35.267°E / 33.167; 35.267
Grid position175/285 PAL
Country Lebanon
GovernorateSouth Governorate
DistrictTyre
Area
 • Total5.63 sq mi (14.57 km2)
 • Land5.63 sq mi (14.57 km2)
 • Water0 sq mi (0 km2)
Elevation
1,280 ft (390 m)
Population
 (2015)
 • Total3,000
Time zoneGMT +3

Zibqine is a town in South Lebanon, 103 kilometres (64 mi) from the capital, Beirut, 4 km from the border with Israel and 450 metres (1,476.4 ft) above sea level.

It was heavily damaged in the 2006 Lebanon-Israel war and underwent a heavy process of rebuilding.

Name[edit]

According to E. H. Palmer, the name probably comes from the Arabic word for "to bind", or "confine".[1]

History[edit]

In 1596, it was named as a village, Zibqin, in the Ottoman nahiya (subdistrict) of Tibnin under the liwa' (district) of Safad, with a population of 12 households and 12 bachelor, all Muslim. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 25% on agricultural products, such as wheat, barley, olive trees, goats and beehives, in addition to "occasional revenues" and winter pastures; a total of 3,172 akçe.[2][3]

In 1875, Victor Guérin found the village to contain eighty Metawileh.[4] He further "observed a great pool, constructed with regularly cut stones, and several broken columns. On the chapter of one he saw a mosaic representing a cross fleuronnée, which proves that it came from a church."[5]

In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it: "Small ruined village on a hill, surrounded by brushwood; contains about thirty Moslems [..], and has olives and arable land to the south. The water is supplied by cisterns."[6]

During the 2006 Lebanon-Israel war, on 13 July, 12 civilians were killed by Israeli missiles, fired on the house of the late Mukhtar. All the victims belonged to the Bzeih family, and they included 6 women and 5 children, aged between 11 and 78 years of age. There was no Hezbollah activity in the vicinity at the time of the attack. The IDF gave no explanations as to why the house had been attacked.[7]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Palmer, 1881, pp. 4660
  2. ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 182
  3. ^ Note that Rhode, 1979, p. 6 Archived 2016-10-10 at the Wayback Machine writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9
  4. ^ Guérin, 1880, p. 411, as given by Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 152
  5. ^ Guérin, 1880, p. 411, as translated by Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 193
  6. ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 152
  7. ^ HRW, 2007, pp. 87- 88

Bibliography[edit]

External links[edit]

33°10′N 35°16′E / 33.167°N 35.267°E / 33.167; 35.267

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