Union of Lublin: Difference between revisions
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The '''Union of Lublin''' ([[Belarusian language|Belarusian]]: Лю́блінская ву́нія; [[Polish language|Polish]]: Unia lubelska) - signed [[July 1]] [[1569]] in [[Lublin]], united the Kingdom of [[Poland]] and the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] into a single state, the [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]] with official name: '''[[Rzeczpospolita]] Obojga Narodów''' (The Republic of Both Nations in [[Polish language|Polish]]). The Commonwealth was ruled by a single elected monarch who took the duties of the Polish king and the Lithuanian grand duke, and governed by a common [[diet (assembly)|diet]] and [[senate]]. The Union was necessitated by Lithuania's position in wars with [[Russia]]. |
The '''Union of Lublin''' ([[Belarusian language|Belarusian]]: Лю́блінская ву́нія; [[Polish language|Polish]]: Unia lubelska) - signed [[July 1]] [[1569]] in [[Lublin]], united the Kingdom of [[Poland]] and the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] into a single state, the [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]] with official name: '''[[Rzeczpospolita]] Obojga Narodów''' (The Republic of Both Nations in [[Polish language|Polish]]). The Commonwealth was ruled by a single elected monarch who took the duties of the Polish king and the Lithuanian grand duke, and governed by a common [[diet (assembly)|diet]] and [[senate]]. The Union was necessitated by Lithuania's position in wars with [[Russia]]. |
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There were long discutions before signing the treaty of union, and when Polish nobles seen taht Lithuanians might not sign the union, Poland invaded lands of [[Podlachia]], [[Volhynia]], [[Podolia]] and the [[Kyiv]] region in southern Lithuania (these lands makes up more than half of modern day [[Ukraine]], and were a big part of Lithuanian territory). Then Lithuanian nobles signed the treaty, because due to the [[Livonian war]] against [[Russia]] where Lithuania was involved, it was impossible at the time to fight Poland. Also, Lithuanians expected to get help from Poles in [[Livonian war]]. Poland however did not gave back the territories annexed previously, and Lithuania had to recognise them to Poland. |
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The Grand Duchy of Lithuania maintained a good deal of sovereignty, administering its own laws, government, finances, and army. Lithuania gave up, however, the territories of [[Podlachia]], [[Volhynia]], [[Podolia]] and the [[Kyiv]] region. |
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Union of Lublin said that the countries of Lithuania and Poland should be linked together closer than they actually became linked, because [[Second statute of Lithuania]] haven't lost it's power, and some of it's acts said very different things than what Union of Lublin said. Eventually [[Third statute of Lithuania]] was adopted, which also had lots of objections with Union of Lublin. Therefore Polish nobility viewed to the statutes of Lithuania as unconstitutional, because at the signing of Union of Lublin it was said that no law could go against the law of Union. Statutes, however, basically declared the laws of Union going against them unconstitutional. [[Statutes of Lithuania]] were also used in territories of Lithuania annexed by Poland shortly before Union of Lublin. Therefore Lithuania and Poland had different laws. In culture and language, however, Polish eventually became a dominant one for nobility, including the nobility of Lithuania. However farmers, town dwellers and other people used to speak in their own languages, eventually this created a hole between lower classes of people and nobility, probably deeper than in other countries. The federative country was to be made unitarian by king [[Stanislovas Augustas Poniatovskis]], however this wasn't for long because of [[Partitions of Poland-Lithuania]] done by [[Russia], [[Prussia]] and [[Austria-Hungary]], which destroyed the state. |
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| ⚫ | Essentially, the Union of [[Lublin]] created the largest ever state in [[Europe]]'s history, before the arrival of [[European Union]]. Many historian also consider the Union of [[Lublin]] to have created a similar state to present-day [[European Union]], thus considering the Union to be kind of a predecessor of the [[Maastricht treaty]]. The former, however, created a state of countries more deeply linked than the present-day [[European Union|EU]]. |
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| ⚫ | Essentially, the Union of [[Lublin]] created the largest ever state in [[Europe]]'s history (if counting only states which are fully in Europe), before the arrival of [[European Union]]. Many historian also consider the Union of [[Lublin]] to have created a similar state to present-day [[European Union]], thus considering the Union to be kind of a predecessor of the [[Maastricht treaty]]. The former, however, created a state of countries more deeply linked than the present-day [[European Union|EU]]. |
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== See also: == |
== See also: == |
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Revision as of 20:39, 13 April 2005
The Union of Lublin (Belarusian: Лю́блінская ву́нія; Polish: Unia lubelska) - signed July 1 1569 in Lublin, united the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania into a single state, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth with official name: Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów (The Republic of Both Nations in Polish). The Commonwealth was ruled by a single elected monarch who took the duties of the Polish king and the Lithuanian grand duke, and governed by a common diet and senate. The Union was necessitated by Lithuania's position in wars with Russia.
There were long discutions before signing the treaty of union, and when Polish nobles seen taht Lithuanians might not sign the union, Poland invaded lands of Podlachia, Volhynia, Podolia and the Kyiv region in southern Lithuania (these lands makes up more than half of modern day Ukraine, and were a big part of Lithuanian territory). Then Lithuanian nobles signed the treaty, because due to the Livonian war against Russia where Lithuania was involved, it was impossible at the time to fight Poland. Also, Lithuanians expected to get help from Poles in Livonian war. Poland however did not gave back the territories annexed previously, and Lithuania had to recognise them to Poland.
Union of Lublin said that the countries of Lithuania and Poland should be linked together closer than they actually became linked, because Second statute of Lithuania haven't lost it's power, and some of it's acts said very different things than what Union of Lublin said. Eventually Third statute of Lithuania was adopted, which also had lots of objections with Union of Lublin. Therefore Polish nobility viewed to the statutes of Lithuania as unconstitutional, because at the signing of Union of Lublin it was said that no law could go against the law of Union. Statutes, however, basically declared the laws of Union going against them unconstitutional. Statutes of Lithuania were also used in territories of Lithuania annexed by Poland shortly before Union of Lublin. Therefore Lithuania and Poland had different laws. In culture and language, however, Polish eventually became a dominant one for nobility, including the nobility of Lithuania. However farmers, town dwellers and other people used to speak in their own languages, eventually this created a hole between lower classes of people and nobility, probably deeper than in other countries. The federative country was to be made unitarian by king Stanislovas Augustas Poniatovskis, however this wasn't for long because of Partitions of Poland-Lithuania done by [[Russia], Prussia and Austria-Hungary, which destroyed the state.
Essentially, the Union of Lublin created the largest ever state in Europe's history (if counting only states which are fully in Europe), before the arrival of European Union. Many historian also consider the Union of Lublin to have created a similar state to present-day European Union, thus considering the Union to be kind of a predecessor of the Maastricht treaty. The former, however, created a state of countries more deeply linked than the present-day EU.