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Coordinates: 24°46′54″N 118°33′06″E / 24.7816°N 118.5517°E / 24.7816; 118.5517
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{{Infobox settlement
{{For|the central urban district in Chengdu, Sichuan|Jinjiang, Chengdu}}{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jinjiang
| name = Jinjiang, Quanzhou
| official_name = <!-- Official name in English if different from 'name' -->
| official_name = City of Jinjiang, City of Quanzhou,<br>Province of Fujian
| native_name = 晋江市
| native_name = 福建省泉州市晋江市
| native_name_lang = zh-Hans
| native_name_lang = zh-Hans
| other_name = Tsinkiang
| other_name = Tsinkiang
| postal_code = 362200
| postal_code = 362200
| postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in China|Postal code]]
| postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in China|Postal code]]
| image_map = Administrative Division Quanzhou.png
| image_map = Administrative Division Quanzhou.png
| mapsize =
| mapsize =
| map_caption = {{legend|#CCCCFF|Jinjiang}} in Quanzhou
| map_caption = {{legend|#CCCCFF|Jinjiang}} in Quanzhou
| pushpin_map = China Fujian
| pushpin_map = China Fujian
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Fujian
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Fujian
| pushpin_mapsize = 220
| pushpin_mapsize = 220
| seat = [[Luoshan Subdistrict]] ({{lang|zh-hans|罗山街道}})
| seat = [[Luoshan Subdistrict]] ({{lang|zh-hans|罗山街道}})
| seat_type = City seat
| seat_type = City seat
| settlement_type = [[County-level city]]
| settlement_type = [[County-level city]]
| image_skyline = Jinjiang - panoramio.jpg
| image_skyline = Jinjiang - panoramio.jpg
| image_caption = Jinjiang
| image_caption = Jinjiang
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = People's Republic of China
| subdivision_name = People's Republic of China
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of China|Province]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of China|Province]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Fujian]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Fujian]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Quanzhou]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Quanzhou]]
| area_code = 0595
| area_code = 0595
| area_total_km2 = 721.7
| area_total_km2 = 721.7
| population =
| population =
| population_as_of = 2010
| population_as_of = 2010
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_total = 1986447
| population_total = 1986447
| coordinates = {{coord|24.7816|N|118.5517|E|type:adm3rd_region:CN-35_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}
| coordinates = {{coord|24.7816|N|118.5517|E|type:adm3rd_region:CN-35_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}
| coor_pinpoint = Jinjiang municipal government
| coor_pinpoint = Jinjiang municipal government
| elevation_ft =
| elevation_ft =
| elevation_m =
| elevation_m =
| timezone = [[Time in China|China Standard]]
| utc_offset = +8
| timezone = [[Time in China|China Standard]]
| utc_offset = +8
| website = [http://www.jinjiang.gov.cn/ www.JinJiang.gov.cn]
| website = [http://www.jinjiang.gov.cn/ www.JinJiang.gov.cn]
}}
}}


'''Jinjiang''' ({{zh|s=晋江 |t=晉江 |p=Jìnjiāng |poj=Chìn-kang}}) is a [[county-level city]] of [[Quanzhou|Quanzhou City]], [[Fujian|Fujian Province]], China. It is located in the southeastern part of the province, on the right or south bank of the [[Jin River (Fujian)|Jin River]], across from Quanzhou's urban district of [[Fengze District|Fengze]]. Jinjiang also borders the [[Taiwan Strait]] of the [[East China Sea]] to the south, and Quanzhou's other county-cities of [[Shishi, Fujian|Shishi]] and [[Nan'an, Fujian|Nan'an]] to the east and west, respectively. It has an area of {{convert|721.7|km2}} and a population of 1,986,447 as of 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.xzqh.org/quhua/35fj/0582jj.htm|title=Profile of Jinjiang|publisher=2010 Census|language=zh}}</ref>
'''Jinjiang City''' ({{zh|s=晋江市 |p=Jìnjiāng |poj=Chìn-kang}}) is a [[county-level city]] under [[Quanzhou|Quanzhou City]], [[Fujian|Fujian Province]], [[China]]. It is located in the southeastern part of the province ([[Minnan region|Minnan]]), on the right or south bank of the [[Jin River (Fujian)|Jin River]], across from Quanzhou's urban district of [[Fengze District|Fengze]] and [[Licheng District, Quanzhou|Licheng]]. Jinjiang also borders the [[Taiwan Strait]] of the [[East China Sea]] to the south, and Quanzhou's other county-cities of [[Shishi, Fujian|Shishi]] and [[Nan'an, Fujian|Nan'an]] to the east and west, respectively. It has an area of {{convert|721.7|km2}} and a population of 1,986,447 as of 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.xzqh.org/quhua/35fj/0582jj.htm|title=Profile of Jinjiang|publisher=2010 Census|language=zh}}</ref>


Jinjiang has the only extant [[Manichaeism|Manichean]] temple in China ([[Cao'an]]) and is near the eastern end of the world's longest estimated straight-line ([[great circle]]) path over land, at {{convert|11241|km|abbr=on}}, ending near [[Sagres, Portugal]].<ref>[https://www.technologyreview.com/s/611012/computer-scientists-have-found-the-longest-straight-line-you-could-sail-without-hitting/ MIT Technology Review – Computer scientists have found the longest straight line you could sail without hitting land]</ref>
Jinjiang has the only extant [[Manichaeism|Manichean]] temple in China ([[Cao'an]] temple) and is near the eastern end of the world's longest estimated straight-line ([[great circle]]) path over land, at {{convert|11241|km|abbr=on}}, ending near [[Sagres, Portugal]].<ref>[https://www.technologyreview.com/s/611012/computer-scientists-have-found-the-longest-straight-line-you-could-sail-without-hitting/ MIT Technology Review – Computer scientists have found the longest straight line you could sail without hitting land]</ref>


== Administrative divisions ==
== Administrative divisions ==
Line 49: Line 49:
;Subdistricts
;Subdistricts
*[[Lingyuan, Jinjiang|Lingyuan]] ({{lang|zh-hans|灵源街道}})
*[[Lingyuan, Jinjiang|Lingyuan]] ({{lang|zh-hans|灵源街道}})
*[[Luoshan Subdistrict|Luoshan]] ({{lang|zh-hans|罗山街道}})
*'''{{ill|Luoshan Subdistrict|lt=Luoshan|zh|罗山街道}}''' ({{lang|zh-hans|罗山街道}})
*Meiling ({{lang|zh-hans|梅岭街道}})
*Meiling ({{lang|zh-hans|梅岭街道}})
*Qingyang ({{lang|zh-hans|青阳街道}})
*[[Qingyang_Subdistrict,_Jinjiang|Qingyang]] ({{lang|zh-hans|青阳街道}})
*Xintang ({{lang|zh|新塘街道}})
*Xintang ({{lang|zh|新塘街道}})
*[[Xiyuan Subdistrict, Jinjiang|Xiyuan]] ({{lang|zh-hans|西园街道}})
*[[Xiyuan Subdistrict, Jinjiang|Xiyuan]] ({{lang|zh-hans|西园街道}})
Line 77: Line 77:


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
Jinjiang is known for the large number of factories which operate there, especially in the clothing and name-brand footwear industry.<ref name=Caixin122612>{{cite news|title=After an IPO Rush, a Factory Town's Hangover: A Fujian Province city pushed local companies to go public, and now they’re reaping the consequences|url=http://english.caixin.com/2012-12-26/100476983.html|access-date=December 27, 2012|newspaper=Caixin|date=December 26, 2012|author=Qu Yunyu}}</ref> Many migrant laborers come from elsewhere in Fujian and even from outside the province to commit themselves to year-long contracts.
Jinjiang is known for the large number of factories which operate there, especially in the clothing and name-brand footwear industry.<ref name=Caixin122612>{{cite news|title=After an IPO Rush, a Factory Town's Hangover: A Fujian Province city pushed local companies to go public, and now they're reaping the consequences|url=http://english.caixin.com/2012-12-26/100476983.html|access-date=December 27, 2012|newspaper=Caixin|date=December 26, 2012|author=Qu Yunyu}}</ref> Many migrant laborers come from elsewhere in Fujian and even from outside the province to commit themselves to year-long contracts.


Jinjiang is famous as home to many Chinese in diaspora, especially in [[Taiwan]], [[Philippines]], [[Malaysia]], [[Singapore]], [[Myanmar]], [[Australia]], etc. Once poor and overpopulated in late 19th century, many locals moved to Southeast Asia for better lives in what they called "{{linktext|lang=zh|下|南洋}}" ({{zh|labels=no|p=Xià Nányáng |l=to sail down to the south sea}}). Many of them have been successfully integrated into local societies and achieved great success. For example, according to [[Forbes]], 6 out of 10 richest business tycoons in Philippines can trace their ancestry back to Jinjiang. Therefore, from 80s to 90s, Jinjiang received much donation and investment from overseas Chinese communities.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}}
Jinjiang is famous as home to many Chinese in diaspora, especially in [[Taiwan]], [[Philippines]], [[Malaysia]], [[Singapore]], [[Myanmar]], [[Australia]], etc. Once poor and overpopulated in late 19th century, many locals moved to Southeast Asia for better lives in what they called "{{linktext|lang=zh|下|南洋}}" ({{zh|labels=no|p=Xià Nányáng |l=to sail down to the south sea}}). Many of them have been successfully integrated into local societies and achieved great success. For example, according to [[Forbes]], 6 out of 10 richest business tycoons in Philippines can trace their ancestry back to Jinjiang. Therefore, from 80s to 90s, Jinjiang received much donation and investment from overseas Chinese communities.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}}
Line 83: Line 83:
==Culture==
==Culture==
===Language===
===Language===
Jinjiang people speak the [[Jinjiang dialect]], a variant of the [[Quanzhou dialect]] of [[Hokkien]], which is largely intelligible to speakers of [[Quanzhou dialect|Quanzhou]], [[Amoy dialect|Xiamen]], [[Zhangzhou dialect|Zhangzhou]] and [[Taiwanese Hokkien|Taiwanese]] dialects, and also to speakers of other Hokkien dialects in many Chinese communities overseas, especially in places in southeast Asia such as [[Philippine Hokkien|Philippines]], [[Singaporean Hokkien|Singapore]], [[Riau Hokkien|Southern Peninsular Malaysian/Riau]], [[Penang Hokkien|Penang]], [[Medan Hokkien|Medan]], and etc. As in many parts of China, most Jinjiang people can use Putonghua ([[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]]) to communicate with non-local people in commercial and other daily interactions.
Jinjiang people speak the Jinjiang dialect, a variant of the [[Quanzhou dialect]] of [[Hokkien]], which is largely intelligible to speakers of other [[Quanzhou dialect|Quanzhou]], [[Amoy dialect|Xiamen]], [[Zhangzhou dialect|Zhangzhou]] and [[Taiwanese Hokkien|Taiwanese]] dialects, and also to speakers of other Hokkien dialects in many Chinese communities overseas, especially in places in southeast Asia such as [[Philippine Hokkien|Philippines]], [[Singaporean Hokkien|Singapore]], [[Riau Hokkien|Southern Peninsular Malaysian/Riau]], [[Penang Hokkien|Penang]], [[Medan Hokkien|Medan]], etc. As in many parts of China, most Jinjiang people can use Putonghua ([[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]]) to communicate with non-local people in commercial and other daily interactions.


[[File:Jinjiang Cao'an 20120229-09.jpg|thumb|right|[[Cao'an]] Temple on Huabiao Hill near downtown Jinjiang, "a Manichean temple in Buddhist disguise",<ref>{{Iranica|manicheism-1-general-survey|MANICHEISM i. GENERAL SURVEY}}</ref> is thought to be "the only extant [[Manichaeism|Manichean]] temple in China".<ref>{{Iranica|chinese-turkestan-vii|CHINESE TURKESTAN: vii. Manicheism in Chinese Turkestan and China}}</ref>]]
[[File:Jinjiang Cao'an 20120229-09.jpg|thumb|right|[[Cao'an]] Temple on Huabiao Hill near downtown Jinjiang, "a Manichean temple in Buddhist disguise",<ref>{{Iranica|manicheism-1-general-survey|MANICHEISM i. GENERAL SURVEY}}</ref> is thought to be "the only extant [[Manichaeism|Manichean]] temple in China".<ref>{{Iranica|chinese-turkestan-vii|CHINESE TURKESTAN: vii. Manicheism in Chinese Turkestan and China}}</ref>]]


==Transportation==
==Transportation==
[[File:Jinjiang Station.jpg|thumb|left|Jinjiang Station]]
[[File:Jinjiang Station.jpg|thumb|left|[[Jinjiang railway station]].]]
Jinjiang hosts the [[Quanzhou Jinjiang International Airport]], IATA code JJN. The facility is of international 4D standard, which is capable of handling mid-size jets, such as Boeing 737 series and Airbus 320 series. Most flights from JJN are domestic flights, with some international/regional flights to/from [[Hong Kong]], [[Macao]], [[Taipei]], [[Manila]], [[Bangkok]], [[Singapore]], etc. Another way to get into the city is flying into [[Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport]] in the nearby city [[Xiamen]], which has more international routes, including intercontinental flights to/from [[Amsterdam]], [[Sydney]] and [[Vancouver]]. From there, passengers can catch limousine buses to downtown Jinjiang in 1.5 hours.
Jinjiang hosts the [[Quanzhou Jinjiang International Airport]], IATA code JJN. The facility is of international 4D standard, which is capable of handling mid-size jets, such as Boeing 737 series and Airbus 320 series. Most flights from JJN are domestic flights, with some international/regional flights to/from [[Hong Kong]], [[Macao]], [[Taipei]], [[Manila]], [[Bangkok]], [[Singapore]], etc. Another way to get into the city is flying into [[Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport]] in the nearby city [[Xiamen]], which has more international routes, including intercontinental flights to/from [[Amsterdam]], [[Sydney]] and [[Vancouver]]. From there, passengers can catch limousine buses to downtown Jinjiang in 1.5 hours.


[[Jinjiang Railway Station|Jinjiang Station]] of the new high-speed [[Fuzhou-Xiamen Railway]] is located {{convert|14|km}} away from the center of the city. Passengers are able to travel to bullet train hubs like Shanghai or Shenzhen in 2 to 3 hours, and further transfer to other destinations national wide. The Jinjiang Railway Station is served by local buses and taxi.
[[Jinjiang railway station]] of the new high-speed [[Fuzhou-Xiamen Railway]] is located {{convert|14|km}} away from the center of the city. Passengers are able to travel to bullet train hubs like Shanghai or Shenzhen in 2 to 3 hours, and further transfer to other destinations national wide. The Jinjiang Railway Station is served by local buses and taxi.


==Economy==
==Economy==
Thriving with economics in private sectors, Jinjiang has been ranked as No.1 county with the highest GDP in Fujian for over 15 consecutive years. Also, it's been ranked as top 10 richest county-level city in the whole country, as published by the National Bureau of Census. There are many sportswear and other garment and shoe manufacturers in Jinjiang. In 2013 the mayor of Jinjiang called for more focus on [[Fashion design|innovative design]] by shoe manufacturers plagued by surplus inventory.<ref name=CD4313>{{cite news|title=Shoemaking firms urged to be more innovative: Mayor of China's 'footwear capital' says companies need to do more to reduce massive inventories|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2013-04/03/content_16372767.htm|access-date=April 3, 2013|newspaper=China Daily|date=April 3, 2013|author=Wang Zhuoqiong}}</ref>
Thriving with economics in private sectors, Jinjiang has been ranked as No.1 county with the highest GDP in Fujian for over 15 consecutive years. Also, it's been ranked as top 10 richest county-level city in the whole country, as published by the National Bureau of Census. There are many sportswear and other garment and shoe manufacturers in Jinjiang. In 2013, the mayor of Jinjiang called for more focus on [[Fashion design|innovative design]] by shoe manufacturers plagued by surplus inventory.<ref name=CD4313>{{cite news|title=Shoemaking firms urged to be more innovative: Mayor of China's 'footwear capital' says companies need to do more to reduce massive inventories|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2013-04/03/content_16372767.htm|access-date=April 3, 2013|newspaper=China Daily|date=April 3, 2013|author=Wang Zhuoqiong}}</ref>


Manufacturers were encouraged by local official to engage in [[Initial public offering|IPO]]s and seek listings on stock exchanges such as the [[Frankfurt Stock Exchange]] to raise global capital for expansion. Raising capital in this way bypasses the difficulty medium-sized firms have with obtaining loans from Chinese banks. About 30 firms have achieved listing on global stock exchanges but many also have listings on stock exchanges in Shanghai or Hong Kong. As of 2012 many additional local firms include IPOs in their business planning.<ref name=Caixin122612 />
Manufacturers were encouraged by local official to engage in [[Initial public offering|IPO]]s and seek listings on stock exchanges such as the [[Frankfurt Stock Exchange]] to raise global capital for expansion. Raising capital in this way bypasses the difficulty medium-sized firms have with obtaining loans from Chinese banks. About 30 firms have achieved listing on global stock exchanges but many also have listings on stock exchanges in Shanghai or Hong Kong. As of 2012, many additional local firms include IPOs in their business planning.<ref name=Caixin122612 />


In some instances over-capacity and declining profit margins have resulted from suboptimal investment of capital. Due to the prevalence of copying in the industry investing capital in research and development seems futile. Another problem is that many of the firms are in fact family-owned business which have taken on corporate form but not best corporate management practices. In an effort to achieve listings on exchanges with strict requirements there is a temptation to engage in [[creative accounting]].<ref name=Caixin122612 />
In some instances over-capacity and declining profit margins have resulted from suboptimal investment of capital. Due to the prevalence of copying in the industry investing capital in research and development seems futile. Another problem is that many of the firms are in fact family-owned business which have taken on corporate form but not best corporate management practices. In an effort to achieve listings on exchanges with strict requirements there is a temptation to engage in [[creative accounting]].<ref name=Caixin122612 />

==Climate==

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Jinjiang (1981−2010 normals)
|Jan high C = 17.0
|Feb high C = 17.9
|Mar high C = 20.1
|Apr high C = 23.6
|May high C = 27.4
|Jun high C = 29.7
|Jul high C = 32.7
|Aug high C = 32.4
|Sep high C = 31.0
|Oct high C = 27.3
|Nov high C = 23.4
|Dec high C = 19.0
|Jan low C = 10.6
|Feb low C = 11.3
|Mar low C = 13.1
|Apr low C = 17.0
|May low C = 21.1
|Jun low C = 24.3
|Jul low C = 26.2
|Aug low C = 26.1
|Sep low C = 24.7
|Oct low C = 21.3
|Nov low C = 17.1
|Dec low C = 12.6
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 36.3
|Feb precipitation mm = 85.5
|Mar precipitation mm = 111.5
|Apr precipitation mm = 135.4
|May precipitation mm = 179.0
|Jun precipitation mm = 215.7
|Jul precipitation mm = 126.6
|Aug precipitation mm = 192.8
|Sep precipitation mm = 142.8
|Oct precipitation mm = 48.3
|Nov precipitation mm = 37.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 27.8
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 6.9
|Feb precipitation days = 9.7
|Mar precipitation days = 13.4
|Apr precipitation days = 12.9
|May precipitation days = 14.5
|Jun precipitation days = 13.8
|Jul precipitation days = 8.8
|Aug precipitation days = 11.1
|Sep precipitation days = 8.1
|Oct precipitation days = 3.6
|Nov precipitation days = 4.9
|Dec precipitation days = 6.3
|year precipitation days =
|Jan humidity = 70
|Feb humidity = 74
|Mar humidity = 75
|Apr humidity = 76
|May humidity = 79
|Jun humidity = 83
|Jul humidity = 78
|Aug humidity = 78
|Sep humidity = 73
|Oct humidity = 66
|Nov humidity = 68
|Dec humidity = 67
|Jan sun = 138.0
|Feb sun = 113.0
|Mar sun = 124.4
|Apr sun = 142.7
|May sun = 156.3
|Jun sun = 180.7
|Jul sun = 265.1
|Aug sun = 229.5
|Sep sun = 202.5
|Oct sun = 199.4
|Nov sun = 157.5
|Dec sun = 146.7
|year sun =
| Jan percentsun = 41
| Feb percentsun = 35
| Mar percentsun = 33
| Apr percentsun = 37
| May percentsun = 38
| Jun percentsun = 44
| Jul percentsun = 64
| Aug percentsun = 58
| Sep percentsun = 55
| Oct percentsun = 56
| Nov percentsun = 48
| Dec percentsun = 45
| year percentsun =
|source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]] (precipitation days, humidity, sunshine 1991–2020)<ref name=IBST>{{cite web
| url = http://www.nmc.cn/publish/forecast/AFJ/jinjiang.html|script-title=zh:1981年-2010年（晋江）月平均气温和降水| publisher = National Meteorological Center of CMA| language = zh-hans| access-date = 12 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps| title = 中国气象数据网| language = zh-hans| publisher = [[China Meteorological Administration]]| access-date = 12 August 2023}}</ref>
}}


== Notable people ==
== Notable people ==
Line 108: Line 209:
* [[Lai Changxing]], smuggler
* [[Lai Changxing]], smuggler
* [[Dee C. Chuan]], Chinese Filipino businessman and philanthropist
* [[Dee C. Chuan]], Chinese Filipino businessman and philanthropist
* [[Eugene Chan]], linguist
* [[Eugene Chan (linguist)|Eugene Chan]], linguist
* [[Cai Chongda]], Chinese writer and journalist


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 23:06, 11 November 2023

For the central urban district in Chengdu, Sichuan, see Jinjiang, Chengdu.
Jinjiang, Quanzhou
福建省泉州市晋江市
Tsinkiang
County-level city
City of Jinjiang, City of Quanzhou,
Province of Fujian
Jinjiang
Jinjiang
  Jinjiang
in Quanzhou
Jinjiang, Quanzhou is located in Fujian
Jinjiang, Quanzhou
Jinjiang, Quanzhou
Location in Fujian
Coordinates (Jinjiang municipal government): 24°46′54″N 118°33′06″E / 24.7816°N 118.5517°E / 24.7816; 118.5517
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceFujian
Prefecture-level cityQuanzhou
City seatLuoshan Subdistrict (罗山街道)
Area
 • Total721.7 km2 (278.6 sq mi)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total1,986,447
 • Density2,800/km2 (7,100/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
362200
Area code0595
Websitewww.JinJiang.gov.cn

Jinjiang City (Chinese: 晋江市; pinyin: Jìnjiāng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chìn-kang) is a county-level city under Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, China. It is located in the southeastern part of the province (Minnan), on the right or south bank of the Jin River, across from Quanzhou's urban district of Fengze and Licheng. Jinjiang also borders the Taiwan Strait of the East China Sea to the south, and Quanzhou's other county-cities of Shishi and Nan'an to the east and west, respectively. It has an area of 721.7 square kilometres (278.6 sq mi) and a population of 1,986,447 as of 2010.[1]

Jinjiang has the only extant Manichean temple in China (Cao'an temple) and is near the eastern end of the world's longest estimated straight-line (great circle) path over land, at 11,241 km (6,985 mi), ending near Sagres, Portugal.[2]

Administrative divisions[edit]

Map of Jinjiang (labeled as CHIN-CHIANG (CHÜANCHOW) 晋江) and nearby areas (1953)

Jinjiang has six subdistricts and 13 towns:

Subdistricts
Towns
  • Anhai (安海镇)
  • Chendai (陈埭镇)
  • Chidian (池店镇)
  • Cizao (磁灶镇)
  • Dongshi (东石镇)
  • Jinjing (金井镇)
  • Longhu (龙湖镇)
  • Neikeng (内坑镇)
  • Shenhu (深沪镇)
  • Xibin (西滨镇)
  • Yinglin (英林镇)
  • Yonghe (永和镇)
  • Zimao (紫帽镇)
  • Anhai Town Government
    Anhai Town Government
  • Jinjiang's Lüzhou (Green Island) Park, with a monument bearing the inscription "诚信、谦恭、团结、拼搏" (Integrity, humility, unity, hard work)
    Jinjiang's Lüzhou (Green Island) Park, with a monument bearing the inscription "诚信、谦恭、团结、拼搏" (Integrity, humility, unity, hard work)
  • Jin River waterfront
    Jin River waterfront

Demographics[edit]

Jinjiang is known for the large number of factories which operate there, especially in the clothing and name-brand footwear industry.[3] Many migrant laborers come from elsewhere in Fujian and even from outside the province to commit themselves to year-long contracts.

Jinjiang is famous as home to many Chinese in diaspora, especially in Taiwan, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Myanmar, Australia, etc. Once poor and overpopulated in late 19th century, many locals moved to Southeast Asia for better lives in what they called "下南洋" (Xià Nányáng; 'to sail down to the south sea'). Many of them have been successfully integrated into local societies and achieved great success. For example, according to Forbes, 6 out of 10 richest business tycoons in Philippines can trace their ancestry back to Jinjiang. Therefore, from 80s to 90s, Jinjiang received much donation and investment from overseas Chinese communities.[citation needed]

Culture[edit]

Language[edit]

Jinjiang people speak the Jinjiang dialect, a variant of the Quanzhou dialect of Hokkien, which is largely intelligible to speakers of other Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese dialects, and also to speakers of other Hokkien dialects in many Chinese communities overseas, especially in places in southeast Asia such as Philippines, Singapore, Southern Peninsular Malaysian/Riau, Penang, Medan, etc. As in many parts of China, most Jinjiang people can use Putonghua (Mandarin) to communicate with non-local people in commercial and other daily interactions.

Cao'an Temple on Huabiao Hill near downtown Jinjiang, "a Manichean temple in Buddhist disguise",[4] is thought to be "the only extant Manichean temple in China".[5]

Transportation[edit]

Jinjiang railway station.

Jinjiang hosts the Quanzhou Jinjiang International Airport, IATA code JJN. The facility is of international 4D standard, which is capable of handling mid-size jets, such as Boeing 737 series and Airbus 320 series. Most flights from JJN are domestic flights, with some international/regional flights to/from Hong Kong, Macao, Taipei, Manila, Bangkok, Singapore, etc. Another way to get into the city is flying into Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport in the nearby city Xiamen, which has more international routes, including intercontinental flights to/from Amsterdam, Sydney and Vancouver. From there, passengers can catch limousine buses to downtown Jinjiang in 1.5 hours.

Jinjiang railway station of the new high-speed Fuzhou-Xiamen Railway is located 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) away from the center of the city. Passengers are able to travel to bullet train hubs like Shanghai or Shenzhen in 2 to 3 hours, and further transfer to other destinations national wide. The Jinjiang Railway Station is served by local buses and taxi.

Economy[edit]

Thriving with economics in private sectors, Jinjiang has been ranked as No.1 county with the highest GDP in Fujian for over 15 consecutive years. Also, it's been ranked as top 10 richest county-level city in the whole country, as published by the National Bureau of Census. There are many sportswear and other garment and shoe manufacturers in Jinjiang. In 2013, the mayor of Jinjiang called for more focus on innovative design by shoe manufacturers plagued by surplus inventory.[6]

Manufacturers were encouraged by local official to engage in IPOs and seek listings on stock exchanges such as the Frankfurt Stock Exchange to raise global capital for expansion. Raising capital in this way bypasses the difficulty medium-sized firms have with obtaining loans from Chinese banks. About 30 firms have achieved listing on global stock exchanges but many also have listings on stock exchanges in Shanghai or Hong Kong. As of 2012, many additional local firms include IPOs in their business planning.[3]

In some instances over-capacity and declining profit margins have resulted from suboptimal investment of capital. Due to the prevalence of copying in the industry investing capital in research and development seems futile. Another problem is that many of the firms are in fact family-owned business which have taken on corporate form but not best corporate management practices. In an effort to achieve listings on exchanges with strict requirements there is a temptation to engage in creative accounting.[3]

Climate[edit]

Climate data for Jinjiang (1981−2010 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 17.0
(62.6) 		17.9
(64.2) 		20.1
(68.2) 		23.6
(74.5) 		27.4
(81.3) 		29.7
(85.5) 		32.7
(90.9) 		32.4
(90.3) 		31.0
(87.8) 		27.3
(81.1) 		23.4
(74.1) 		19.0
(66.2) 		25.1
(77.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 10.6
(51.1) 		11.3
(52.3) 		13.1
(55.6) 		17.0
(62.6) 		21.1
(70.0) 		24.3
(75.7) 		26.2
(79.2) 		26.1
(79.0) 		24.7
(76.5) 		21.3
(70.3) 		17.1
(62.8) 		12.6
(54.7) 		18.8
(65.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 36.3
(1.43) 		85.5
(3.37) 		111.5
(4.39) 		135.4
(5.33) 		179.0
(7.05) 		215.7
(8.49) 		126.6
(4.98) 		192.8
(7.59) 		142.8
(5.62) 		48.3
(1.90) 		37.3
(1.47) 		27.8
(1.09) 		1,339
(52.71)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 6.9 9.7 13.4 12.9 14.5 13.8 8.8 11.1 8.1 3.6 4.9 6.3 114
Average relative humidity (%) 70 74 75 76 79 83 78 78 73 66 68 67 74
Mean monthly sunshine hours 138.0 113.0 124.4 142.7 156.3 180.7 265.1 229.5 202.5 199.4 157.5 146.7 2,055.8
Percent possible sunshine 41 35 33 37 38 44 64 58 55 56 48 45 46
Source: China Meteorological Administration (precipitation days, humidity, sunshine 1991–2020)[7][8]

Notable people[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Profile of Jinjiang" (in Chinese). 2010 Census.
  2. ^ MIT Technology Review – Computer scientists have found the longest straight line you could sail without hitting land
  3. ^ a b c Qu Yunyu (December 26, 2012). "After an IPO Rush, a Factory Town's Hangover: A Fujian Province city pushed local companies to go public, and now they're reaping the consequences". Caixin. Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  4. ^ "MANICHEISM i. GENERAL SURVEY" at Encyclopædia Iranica
  5. ^ "CHINESE TURKESTAN: vii. Manicheism in Chinese Turkestan and China" at Encyclopædia Iranica
  6. ^ Wang Zhuoqiong (April 3, 2013). "Shoemaking firms urged to be more innovative: Mayor of China's 'footwear capital' says companies need to do more to reduce massive inventories". China Daily. Retrieved April 3, 2013.
  7. ^ 1981年-2010年（晋江）月平均气温和降水 (in Simplified Chinese). National Meteorological Center of CMA. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  8. ^ "中国气象数据网" (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 12 August 2023.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jinjiang, Fujian.
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