1996 Taiwanese presidential election: Difference between revisions

1996 Taiwanese presidential election
Registered	14,313,288
Turnout	76.04%
President before election; Lee Teng-hui; Kuomintang	Elected President ; Lee Teng-hui; Kuomintang

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Presidential elections were held in Taiwan on 23 March 1996.^[1] It was the first direct presidential election in Taiwan, officially the Republic of China. In the previous eight elections the president and vice president had been chosen in a ballot of the deputies of the National Assembly, in accordance with the 1947 constitution. These were the first free and direct elections in the History of Taiwan.

Lee Teng-hui was re-elected President and Lien Chan as Vice President. Lee stood as the candidate of the ruling Kuomintang. He won a majority of 54% of the votes cast. His election followed missile tests by the People's Republic of China (PRC). These were an attempt to intimidate the Taiwanese electorate and discourage them from supporting Lee, however the tactic backfired. Voter turnout was 76.0%.^[2]

Candidates[edit]

The ruling Kuomintang nominated president Lee Teng-hui in August 1995 at its 14th Party Congress after plans to institute a closed primary system by his opponents were thwarted.^[3]^[4] As his running mate, Lee chose Lien Chan, who had attempted to resign his position as Premier of the Republic of China to join Lee's ticket.^[5]^[6] Lee did not accept Lien's resignation, as Lien's potential successors to the premiership stood little chance of legislative confirmation.^[7] After the election, the Judicial Yuan allowed Lien to keep both posts.^[8]

The opposition Democratic Progressive Party conducted an extensive nomination process: the presidential candidate was selected after two rounds of voting and fifty public debates by the two finalists. Hsu Hsin-liang, Lin Yi-hsiung, You Ching, and Peng Ming-min contended for this position. The seventy-two-year-old Peng emerged victorious and nominated legislator Frank Hsieh to be his running mate. Peng opposed trade with mainland China unless the PRC promised to "treat Taiwan as an equal." Though he argued that the One-China policy would lead to another February 28 Incident, he took the position that Taiwan was already de facto independent so a formal declaration of Taiwan independence was unnecessary unless the PRC attacked. However, Peng rejected unification with the mainland outright, describing the notion as "suicide" and "self-destruction."^[9]

Former Taiwan Provincial Governor Lin Yang-kang ran as an independent with former Premier Hau Pei-tsun as his running mate.^[10] After the pair registered as candidates, they were endorsed by New Party. Both Lin and Hau were expelled from the Kuomintang on 13 December 1995.^[11] They supported the One-China principle and favored opening direct links with the mainland.^[12] They argued that the KMT, led by Lee, had abandoned all attempts at unification.^[13]

A second independent ticket consisted of former Control Yuan President Chen Li-an for President and Control Yuan member Wang Ching-feng for Vice President. Chen Li-an, the son of former Premier and Vice President Chen Cheng, used his Buddhist background (lay leader of the Fo Guang Shan order) and stressed moral purity and honest government. He walked for eighteen days wearing a farmer's straw hat to spread his views.^[14]^[15]

Former Taipei mayor Kao Yu-shu declared an end to his candidacy in January 1996.^[16]^[17] Feminist writer Shih Chi-ching also bid for the presidency, selecting Wu Yue-chen as her vice president. However, Shih and Wu's campaign ended after the Judicial Yuan ruled against them, finding that the ticket failed to meet the endorsement quota.^[18] Mudslinging was rampant between the remaining four presidential tickets. The KMT claimed that the Taiwanese mafia had amputated Peng's arm to recoup gambling debts. However, Peng had lost his arm in an American air raid on Nagasaki during World War II.^[19] Independent candidate Lin Yang-kang alleged that Lee Teng-hui had been a Chinese Communist Party member, which he denied at the time, but later admitted involvement in a 2002 interview.^[20]^[21] The Kuomintang's website was also subject to cyberattacks. Chen Li-an criticized every other candidate for their advanced age.^[19]

1996 Taiwan Strait Crisis[edit]

From March 8 to March 15, the People's Liberation Army sent ballistic missiles within 46 to 65 km (25 to 35 nmi) (just inside the ROC's territorial waters) off the ports of Keelung and Kaohsiung. This action was intended to intimidate the Taiwanese electorate into voting against Lee and Peng, which Beijing branded "absolutely identical in attempting to divide the motherland."^[22] Similarly, Chen Li-an warned, "If you vote for Lee Teng-hui, you are choosing war."^[23] The crisis came to an end when two U.S. aircraft carrier battle groups were positioned near Taiwan.^[24]

Lee, who told his people to resist "state terrorism,"^[25] was seen as a strong leader who could negotiate with the PRC. Because of this, many constituents from southern Taiwan who favored independence voted for him.^[26] One Taipei newspaper, United Daily News reported that up to 14 to 15 percent of Lee's 54% vote share came from DPP supporters.^[27]

Results[edit]


Candidate		Running mate	Party	Votes	%
	Lee Teng-hui	Lien Chan	Kuomintang	5,813,699	54.00
	Peng Ming-min	Frank Hsieh	Democratic Progressive Party	2,274,586	21.13
	Lin Yang-kang	Hau Pei-tsun	Independent	1,603,790	14.90
	Chen Li-an	Wang Ching-feng	Independent	1,074,044	9.98
Total				10,766,119	100.00

Valid votes				10,766,119	98.92
Invalid/blank votes				117,160	1.08
Total votes				10,883,279	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				14,313,288	76.04
Source: CEC

Maps[edit]

Vote leader and vote share in township-level districts.

National winner vote lead over national runner-up by township/city or district^[a]

Blue: Lee-Lien ticket; Yellow: Lin-Hau ticket

Notes[edit]

^ Lee did not lead in all township-level units.

References[edit]

^ "Central Election Commission:::Presidential Elections:::". Central Election Commission. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
^ Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p558 ISBN 0-19-924959-8
^ Copper, John Franklin (1998). Taiwan's Mid-1990s Elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 104. ISBN 9780275962074. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.
^ Clough, Ralph N. (1999). Cooperation Or Conflict in the Taiwan Strait?. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 4. ISBN 9780847693269. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.
^ Trenhaile, John (1 August 1996). "The New Cabinet". Taiwan Today. Archived from the original on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
^ The Far East and Australasia 2003. Psychology Press. 2002. ISBN 9781857431339. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.
^ Tsang, Steve; Tien, Hung-mao, eds. (1999). Democratisation in Taiwan: Implications for China. Springer. p. 155. ISBN 9781349272792. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.
^ Jayasuriya, Kanishka (2006). Law, Capitalism and Power in Asia: The Rule of Law and Legal Institutions. Routledge. p. 233. ISBN 9781134738267. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.
^ "Deserting 'Independence'". CNN. 27 October 1995. Archived from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
^ Sheng, Virginia (17 November 1995). "Lin names former premier, Hau, as running mate for March vote". Taiwan Today. Archived from the original on 27 September 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
^ Schubert, Gunter, ed. (2016). Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Taiwan. Routledge. p. 57. ISBN 9781317669708.
^ Tempest, Rone (24 March 1996). "Defiant Taiwan Puts Beijing in Difficult Straits". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 27 September 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
^ Tyler, Patrick E. (22 March 1996). "TENSION IN TAIWAN: THE POLITICS;War Games Play Well for Taiwan's Leader". New York Times. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
^ Roy, Denny (2003). Taiwan: A Political History. Cornell University Press. p. 199. ISBN 9780801488054. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.
^ Copper, John Franklin (1998). Taiwan's Mid-1990s Elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 106. ISBN 9780275962074.
^ Copper, John Franklin (1998). Taiwan's Mid-1990s Elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 99. ISBN 9780275962074. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.
^ Sheng, Virginia (12 January 1996). "Independents fault sign-up rules; One presidential hopeful abandons race in protest". Taiwan Today. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
^ Han Cheung (8 January 2017). "Taiwan in Time:The 'Divorce Queen'". Taipei Times. Archived from the original on 8 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
^ ^a ^b Lin, Jennifer (21 March 1996). "Taiwan Campaigning Has A Familiar Ring". Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on 23 June 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
^ Schmetzer, Uli (23 March 1996). "Taiwanese Exercising Democracy". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 27 September 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
^ Lin, Mei-Chun (8 November 2002). "Lee admits to fling with Communism". Taipei Times. Archived from the original on 26 October 2014. Retrieved 26 October 2014.
^ Roy, Denny (2003). Taiwan: A Political History. Cornell University Press. p. 198. ISBN 9780801488054. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2016-06-03.
^ Crowell, Todd; Bodeen, Chris (15 March 1996). "Confrontations". CNN. Archived from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
^ Wu, Yu-Shan (January 2005). "Taiwan's Domestic Politics and Cross-Strait Relations" (PDF). The China Journal. 53 (53): 35–60. doi:10.2307/20065991. JSTOR 20065991. S2CID 145301834. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 October 2016.
^ Chinoy, Mike (17 March 1996). "Chinese premier urges U.S. not to 'aggravate' situation". CNN.com. Archived from the original on 25 March 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
^ Tyler, Patrick E. (24 March 1996). "Taiwan's leader wins its election and a mandate". New York Times. Archived from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
^ Bellows, Thomas J. "The March 1996 Elections in the Republic of China on Taiwan" - American Journal of Chinese Studies (Vol. 3, No. 2, October 1996). p. 243.

[28] Lee did not lead in all township-level units.

[1] "Central Election Commission:::Presidential Elections:::". Central Election Commission. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2020.

[2] Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p558 ISBN 0-19-924959-8

[3] Copper, John Franklin (1998). Taiwan's Mid-1990s Elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 104. ISBN 9780275962074. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.

[4] Clough, Ralph N. (1999). Cooperation Or Conflict in the Taiwan Strait?. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 4. ISBN 9780847693269. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.

[5] Trenhaile, John (1 August 1996). "The New Cabinet". Taiwan Today. Archived from the original on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 12 October 2016.

[6] The Far East and Australasia 2003. Psychology Press. 2002. ISBN 9781857431339. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.

[7] Tsang, Steve; Tien, Hung-mao, eds. (1999). Democratisation in Taiwan: Implications for China. Springer. p. 155. ISBN 9781349272792. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.

[8] Jayasuriya, Kanishka (2006). Law, Capitalism and Power in Asia: The Rule of Law and Legal Institutions. Routledge. p. 233. ISBN 9781134738267. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.

[9] "Deserting 'Independence'". CNN. 27 October 1995. Archived from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2016.

[10] Sheng, Virginia (17 November 1995). "Lin names former premier, Hau, as running mate for March vote". Taiwan Today. Archived from the original on 27 September 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2016.

[11] Schubert, Gunter, ed. (2016). Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Taiwan. Routledge. p. 57. ISBN 9781317669708.

[12] Tempest, Rone (24 March 1996). "Defiant Taiwan Puts Beijing in Difficult Straits". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 27 September 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2016.

[13] Tyler, Patrick E. (22 March 1996). "TENSION IN TAIWAN: THE POLITICS;War Games Play Well for Taiwan's Leader". New York Times. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2016.

[14] Roy, Denny (2003). Taiwan: A Political History. Cornell University Press. p. 199. ISBN 9780801488054. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.

[15] Copper, John Franklin (1998). Taiwan's Mid-1990s Elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 106. ISBN 9780275962074.

[16] Copper, John Franklin (1998). Taiwan's Mid-1990s Elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 99. ISBN 9780275962074. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2020-11-23.

[17] Sheng, Virginia (12 January 1996). "Independents fault sign-up rules; One presidential hopeful abandons race in protest". Taiwan Today. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 16 September 2016.

[18] Han Cheung (8 January 2017). "Taiwan in Time:The 'Divorce Queen'". Taipei Times. Archived from the original on 8 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

[philly-19] Lin, Jennifer (21 March 1996). "Taiwan Campaigning Has A Familiar Ring". Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on 23 June 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2016.

[20] Schmetzer, Uli (23 March 1996). "Taiwanese Exercising Democracy". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 27 September 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2016.

[21] Lin, Mei-Chun (8 November 2002). "Lee admits to fling with Communism". Taipei Times. Archived from the original on 26 October 2014. Retrieved 26 October 2014.

[22] Roy, Denny (2003). Taiwan: A Political History. Cornell University Press. p. 198. ISBN 9780801488054. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2016-06-03.

[23] Crowell, Todd; Bodeen, Chris (15 March 1996). "Confrontations". CNN. Archived from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2016.

[jstor-24] Wu, Yu-Shan (January 2005). "Taiwan's Domestic Politics and Cross-Strait Relations" (PDF). The China Journal. 53 (53): 35–60. doi:10.2307/20065991. JSTOR 20065991. S2CID 145301834. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 October 2016.

[25] Chinoy, Mike (17 March 1996). "Chinese premier urges U.S. not to 'aggravate' situation". CNN.com. Archived from the original on 25 March 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2016.

[26] Tyler, Patrick E. (24 March 1996). "Taiwan's leader wins its election and a mandate". New York Times. Archived from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 25 September 2016.

[bellows-27] Bellows, Thomas J. "The March 1996 Elections in the Republic of China on Taiwan" - American Journal of Chinese Studies (Vol. 3, No. 2, October 1996). p. 243.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|none}}
 {{Infobox election
+| country = Taiwan
-|election_name  = 1996 Taiwanese presidential election
+| type = presidential
-|country  = Taiwan
+| registered = 14,313,288
-|type  = presidential
+| turnout = 76.04%
-|ongoing = no
+| previous_election = 1990 Taiwanese presidential election
-|registered  = 14,313,288
+| previous_year = 1990
-|turnout  = 76.04%
-|previous_election = 1990 Taiwanese presidential election
+| next_election = 2000 Taiwanese presidential election
+| next_year = 2000
-|previous_year  = 1990
+| election_date = 23 March 1996
-|next_election = 2000 Taiwanese presidential election
-|next_year  = 2000
+| image1 = 李登輝總統玉照 (cropped).jpg
-|election_date = {{Start date|1996|03|23|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web |title=中選會資料庫網站 |url=https://db.cec.gov.tw/ |website=cec.gov.tw |accessdate=29 January 2020 |language=zh-Hant-TW}}</ref>
+| nominee1 = '''[[Lee Teng-hui]]'''
-|image1 = [[File:總統李登輝先生玉照 (國民大會實錄).jpg|180x180px]]
+| party1 = Kuomintang
-|nominee1  = [[Lee Teng-hui]]
+| running_mate1 = '''[[Lien Chan]]'''
-|party1  = Kuomintang
+| popular_vote1 = '''5,813,699'''
-|running_mate1  = [[Lien Chan]]
-|popular_vote1  = '''5,813,699'''
+| percentage1 = '''54.00%'''
-|percentage1 = '''54.00%'''
+| image2 = 彭明敏出席著作簽書分享會.jpg
-|swing1 =
+| nominee2 = [[Peng Ming-min|Peng&nbsp;Ming-min]]
-|image2  = [[File:彭明敏出席著作簽書分享會.jpg|180x180px]]
+| party2 = Democratic Progressive Party
-|nominee2  = [[Peng Ming-min|Peng&nbsp;Ming&#8209;min]]
+| running_mate2 = [[Frank Hsieh]]
-|party2  = Democratic Progressive Party
+| popular_vote2 = 2,274,586
-|running_mate2  = [[Frank Hsieh]]
+| percentage2 = 21.13%
-|popular_vote2  = 2,274,586
-|percentage2  = 21.13%
+| image4 = 林洋港省主席 (9to12).jpg
-|swing2 =
+| nominee4 = [[Lin Yang-kang|Lin&nbsp;Yang-kang]]
-|image4  = [[File:林洋港省主席.jpg|180x180px]]
+| party4 = Independent politician
-|nominee4  = [[Lin Yang-kang|Lin&nbsp;Yang&#8209;kang]]
+| colour4 = fdd731
-|party4  = Independent politician
-|running_mate4  = [[Hau Pei-tsun]]
+| running_mate4 = [[Hau Pei-tsun]]
-|popular_vote4  = 1,603,790
+| popular_vote4 = 1,603,790
-|percentage4  = 14.90%
+| percentage4 = 14.90%
-|swing4 =
-|image5  = [[File:陳履安院長.jpg|180x180px]]
+| image5 = 陳履安院長.jpg
-|nominee5  = [[Chen Li-an]]
+| nominee5 = [[Chen Li-an]]
-|party5  = Independent politician
+| party5 = Independent politician
-|running_mate5  = [[Wang Ching-feng]]
+| running_mate5 = [[Wang Ching-feng]]
-|popular_vote5  = 1,074,044
+| popular_vote5 = 1,074,044
-|percentage5  = 9.98%
+| percentage5 = 9.98%
-|swing5 =
-|map_image  = 1996ROCPresident.svg
+| map_image = {{Switcher
+| [[File:ROC 1996 Presidential Election County level.svg|300px]]
-|map_caption = Vote leader in county-level units. Blue: Lee-Lien ticket; yellow: Lin-Hau ticket.
+| Results by county-level unit
-|title  = President
+| [[File:ROC 1996 Presidential Election Township level.svg|300px]]
-|before_election  = [[Lee Teng-hui]]
+| Results by township-level unit
-|after_election  = [[Lee Teng-hui]]
-|before_party  = Kuomintang
-|after_party  = Kuomintang
 }}
-{{Politics of the Republic of China}}
+| title = President
-The '''1996 Taiwanese presidential election''' was held on 23 March 1996.<ref>{{cite web |title=Central Election Commission:::Presidential Elections::: |url=https://web.cec.gov.tw/english/cms/pe |website=Central Election Commission |accessdate=9 January 2020 |language=en}}</ref> It was the first [[Direct election|direct presidential election]] in [[Taiwan]], officially the Republic of China. In the previous eight elections the president and vice president had been chosen in a ballot of the deputies of the [[National Assembly (Republic of China)|National Assembly]], in accordance with the [[Constitution of the Republic of China|1947 constitution]].
+| before_election = [[Lee Teng-hui]]
+| after_election = [[Lee Teng-hui]]
+| before_party = Kuomintang
+| after_party = Kuomintang
+}}{{Politics of the Republic of China}}
+Presidential elections were held in [[Taiwan]] on 23 March 1996.<ref>{{cite web |title=Central Election Commission:::Presidential Elections::: |url=https://web.cec.gov.tw/english/cms/pe |website=Central Election Commission |access-date=9 January 2020 |language=en |archive-date=7 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007193707/https://web.cec.gov.tw/english/cms/pe |url-status=live }}</ref> It was the first [[Direct election|direct presidential election]] in [[Taiwan]], officially the Republic of China. In the previous eight elections the president and vice president had been chosen in a ballot of the deputies of the [[National Assembly (Republic of China)|National Assembly]], in accordance with the [[Constitution of the Republic of China|1947 constitution]]. These were the first free and direct elections in the [[History of Taiwan]].
-The outcome of the 1996 election was that [[Lee Teng-hui]] was elected as [[President of the Republic of China|President]] and [[Lien Chan]] as Vice President. Lee stood as the incumbent, and as the candidate of the ruling [[Kuomintang]]. He won a majority of 54% of the votes cast. His election followed [[Third Taiwan Strait Crisis|missile tests]] by the [[People's Republic of China]] (PRC). These were an attempt to intimidate the Taiwanese electorate and discourage them from supporting Lee, however the tactic backfired. Voter turnout was 76.0%.<ref>[[Dieter Nohlen]], Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II'', p558 {{ISBN|0-19-924959-8}}</ref>
+[[Lee Teng-hui]] was re-elected [[President of the Republic of China|President]] and [[Lien Chan]] as Vice President. Lee stood as the candidate of the ruling [[Kuomintang]]. He won a majority of 54% of the votes cast. His election followed [[Third Taiwan Strait Crisis|missile tests]] by the [[People's Republic of China]] (PRC). These were an attempt to intimidate the Taiwanese electorate and discourage them from supporting Lee, however the tactic backfired. Voter turnout was 76.0%.<ref>[[Dieter Nohlen]], Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II'', p558 {{ISBN|0-19-924959-8}}</ref>
 ==Candidates==
-The ruling [[Kuomintang]] nominated president [[Lee Teng-hui]] in August 1995 at its 14th Party Congress after plans to institute a closed primary system by his opponents were thwarted.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Copper|first1=John Franklin|title=Taiwan's Mid-1990s Elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy|date=1998|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780275962074|page=104|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ShTkbedObTQC&q=kuomintang+nominate+lee+teng+hui+1996+closed+primary&pg=PA104}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Clough|first1=Ralph N.|title=Cooperation Or Conflict in the Taiwan Strait?|date=1999|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=9780847693269|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OmkdcFUxP6EC&q=kuomintang+nominate+lee+teng+hui+1996&pg=PA4}}</ref> As his running mate, Lee chose [[Lien Chan]], who had attempted to resign his position as [[Premier of the Republic of China]] to join Lee's ticket.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Trenhaile|first1=John|title=The New Cabinet|url=http://www.taiwantoday.tw/ct.asp?xItem=54929&ctNode=2198&mp=9|accessdate=12 October 2016|work=Taiwan Today|date=1 August 1996|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915152001/http://www.taiwantoday.tw/ct.asp?xItem=54929&ctNode=2198&mp=9|archive-date=15 September 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Far East and Australasia 2003|date=2002|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=9781857431339|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LclscNCTz9oC&q=Lien+chan+resign+premier+vice+president&pg=PA391}}</ref> Lee did not accept Lien's resignation, as Lien's potential successors to the premiership stood little chance of legislative confirmation.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last1=Tsang|editor-first1=Steve|editor-last2=Tien|editor-first2=Hung-mao|editor-link2=Tien Hung-mao|title=Democratisation in Taiwan: Implications for China|date=1999|publisher=Springer|isbn=9781349272792|page=155|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=feywCwAAQBAJ&q=Lien+chan+resign+premier+vice+president&pg=PA155}}</ref> After the election, the [[Judicial Yuan]] allowed Lien to keep both posts.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jayasuriya|first1=Kanishka|title=Law, Capitalism and Power in Asia: The Rule of Law and Legal Institutions|date=2006|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781134738267|page=233|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SjmEAgAAQBAJ&q=Lien+chan+resign+premier+vice+president&pg=PA233}}</ref>
+The ruling [[Kuomintang]] nominated president [[Lee Teng-hui]] in August 1995 at its 14th Party Congress after plans to institute a closed primary system by his opponents were thwarted.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Copper|first1=John Franklin|title=Taiwan's Mid-1990s Elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy|date=1998|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780275962074|page=104|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ShTkbedObTQC&q=kuomintang+nominate+lee+teng+hui+1996+closed+primary&pg=PA104|access-date=2020-11-23|archive-date=2023-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412120920/https://books.google.com/books?id=ShTkbedObTQC&q=kuomintang+nominate+lee+teng+hui+1996+closed+primary&pg=PA104|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Clough|first1=Ralph N.|title=Cooperation Or Conflict in the Taiwan Strait?|date=1999|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=9780847693269|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OmkdcFUxP6EC&q=kuomintang+nominate+lee+teng+hui+1996&pg=PA4|access-date=2020-11-23|archive-date=2023-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412120941/https://books.google.com/books?id=OmkdcFUxP6EC&q=kuomintang+nominate+lee+teng+hui+1996&pg=PA4|url-status=live}}</ref> As his running mate, Lee chose [[Lien Chan]], who had attempted to resign his position as [[Premier of the Republic of China]] to join Lee's ticket.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Trenhaile|first1=John|title=The New Cabinet|url=http://www.taiwantoday.tw/ct.asp?xItem=54929&ctNode=2198&mp=9|access-date=12 October 2016|work=Taiwan Today|date=1 August 1996|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915152001/http://www.taiwantoday.tw/ct.asp?xItem=54929&ctNode=2198&mp=9|archive-date=15 September 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Far East and Australasia 2003|date=2002|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=9781857431339|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LclscNCTz9oC&q=Lien+chan+resign+premier+vice+president&pg=PA391|access-date=2020-11-23|archive-date=2023-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412120919/https://books.google.com/books?id=LclscNCTz9oC&q=Lien+chan+resign+premier+vice+president&pg=PA391|url-status=live}}</ref> Lee did not accept Lien's resignation, as Lien's potential successors to the premiership stood little chance of legislative confirmation.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Tsang|editor1-first=Steve|editor2-last=Tien|editor2-first=Hung-mao|editor-link2=Tien Hung-mao|title=Democratisation in Taiwan: Implications for China|date=1999|publisher=Springer|isbn=9781349272792|page=155|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=feywCwAAQBAJ&q=Lien+chan+resign+premier+vice+president&pg=PA155|access-date=2020-11-23|archive-date=2023-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412120920/https://books.google.com/books?id=feywCwAAQBAJ&q=Lien+chan+resign+premier+vice+president&pg=PA155|url-status=live}}</ref> After the election, the [[Judicial Yuan]] allowed Lien to keep both posts.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jayasuriya|first1=Kanishka|title=Law, Capitalism and Power in Asia: The Rule of Law and Legal Institutions|date=2006|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781134738267|page=233|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SjmEAgAAQBAJ&q=Lien+chan+resign+premier+vice+president&pg=PA233|access-date=2020-11-23|archive-date=2023-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412120922/https://books.google.com/books?id=SjmEAgAAQBAJ&q=Lien+chan+resign+premier+vice+president&pg=PA233|url-status=live}}</ref>
-The opposition [[Democratic Progressive Party]] conducted an extensive nomination process: the presidential candidate was selected after two rounds of voting and fifty public debates by the two finalists. [[Hsu Hsin-liang]], [[Lin Yi-hsiung]], [[You Ching]], and [[Peng Ming-min]] contended for this position. The seventy-two-year-old Peng emerged victorious and nominated legislator [[Frank Hsieh]] to be his running mate. Peng opposed trade with [[mainland China]] unless the PRC promised to "treat Taiwan as an equal." Though he argued that the [[One-China policy]] would lead to another [[February 28 Incident]], he took the position that Taiwan was already ''de facto'' independent so a formal declaration of [[Taiwan independence]] was unnecessary unless the PRC attacked. However, Peng rejected [[Chinese unification|reunification with the mainland]] outright, describing the notion as "suicide" and "self-destruction."<ref>{{cite news|title=Deserting 'Independence'|url=http://edition.cnn.com/ASIANOW/asiaweek/95/1027/nat3.html|accessdate=3 June 2016|publisher=CNN|date=27 October 1995}}</ref>
+The opposition [[Democratic Progressive Party]] conducted an extensive nomination process: the presidential candidate was selected after two rounds of voting and fifty public debates by the two finalists. [[Hsu Hsin-liang]], [[Lin Yi-hsiung]], [[You Ching]], and [[Peng Ming-min]] contended for this position. The seventy-two-year-old Peng emerged victorious and nominated legislator [[Frank Hsieh]] to be his running mate. Peng opposed trade with [[mainland China]] unless the PRC promised to "treat Taiwan as an equal." Though he argued that the [[One-China policy]] would lead to another [[February 28 Incident]], he took the position that Taiwan was already ''de facto'' independent so a formal declaration of [[Taiwan independence]] was unnecessary unless the PRC attacked. However, Peng rejected [[Chinese unification|unification with the mainland]] outright, describing the notion as "suicide" and "self-destruction."<ref>{{cite news|title=Deserting 'Independence'|url=http://edition.cnn.com/ASIANOW/asiaweek/95/1027/nat3.html|access-date=3 June 2016|publisher=CNN|date=27 October 1995|archive-date=7 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807075528/http://edition.cnn.com/ASIANOW/asiaweek/95/1027/nat3.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-Former Taiwan Provincial Governor [[Lin Yang-kang]] ran as an independent with former Premier [[Hau Pei-tsun]] as his running mate.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sheng|first1=Virginia|title=Lin names former premier, Hau, as running mate for March vote|url=http://www.taiwantoday.tw/fp.asp?xItem=13743&CtNode=451|accessdate=25 September 2016|work=Taiwan Today|date=17 November 1995|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927111854/http://www.taiwantoday.tw/fp.asp?xItem=13743&CtNode=451|archive-date=27 September 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> After the pair registered as candidates, they were endorsed by [[New Party (Taiwan)|New Party]]. Both Lin and Hau were expelled from the Kuomintang on 13 December 1995.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last1=Schubert|editor-first1=Gunter|title=Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Taiwan|date=2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317669708|page=57|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jhIzDAAAQBAJ&q=Lin+Yang-kang+Hau+pei-tsun+expulsion&pg=PA57}}</ref> They supported the One-China principle and favored opening direct links with the mainland.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tempest|first1=Rone|title=Defiant Taiwan Puts Beijing in Difficult Straits|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1996-03-24/news/mn-50762_1_taiwan-strait|accessdate=25 September 2016|work=Los Angeles Times|date=24 March 1996}}</ref> They argued that the KMT, led by Lee, had abandoned all attempts at [[Chinese unification|unification]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tyler|first1=Patrick E.|title=TENSION IN TAIWAN: THE POLITICS;War Games Play Well for Taiwan's Leader|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/22/world/tension-in-taiwan-the-politics-war-games-play-well-for-taiwan-s-leader.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|accessdate=25 September 2016|work=New York Times|date=22 March 1996}}</ref>
+Former Taiwan Provincial Governor [[Lin Yang-kang]] ran as an independent with former Premier [[Hau Pei-tsun]] as his running mate.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sheng|first1=Virginia|title=Lin names former premier, Hau, as running mate for March vote|url=http://www.taiwantoday.tw/fp.asp?xItem=13743&CtNode=451|access-date=25 September 2016|work=Taiwan Today|date=17 November 1995|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927111854/http://www.taiwantoday.tw/fp.asp?xItem=13743&CtNode=451|archive-date=27 September 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> After the pair registered as candidates, they were endorsed by [[New Party (Taiwan)|New Party]]. Both Lin and Hau were expelled from the Kuomintang on 13 December 1995.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Schubert|editor1-first=Gunter|title=Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Taiwan|date=2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317669708|page=57|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jhIzDAAAQBAJ&q=Lin+Yang-kang+Hau+pei-tsun+expulsion&pg=PA57}}</ref> They supported the One-China principle and favored opening direct links with the mainland.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tempest|first1=Rone|title=Defiant Taiwan Puts Beijing in Difficult Straits|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1996-03-24/news/mn-50762_1_taiwan-strait|access-date=25 September 2016|work=Los Angeles Times|date=24 March 1996|archive-date=27 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927073525/http://articles.latimes.com/1996-03-24/news/mn-50762_1_taiwan-strait|url-status=live}}</ref> They argued that the KMT, led by Lee, had abandoned all attempts at [[Chinese unification|unification]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tyler|first1=Patrick E.|title=TENSION IN TAIWAN: THE POLITICS;War Games Play Well for Taiwan's Leader|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/22/world/tension-in-taiwan-the-politics-war-games-play-well-for-taiwan-s-leader.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|access-date=25 September 2016|work=New York Times|date=22 March 1996|archive-date=18 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618203331/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/22/world/tension-in-taiwan-the-politics-war-games-play-well-for-taiwan-s-leader.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|url-status=live}}</ref>
-A second independent ticket consisted of former Control Yuan President [[Chen Li-an]] for President and Control Yuan member [[Wang Ching-feng]] for Vice President. Chen Li-an, the son of former Premier and Vice President [[Chen Cheng]], used his [[Buddhist]] background (lay leader of the [[Fo Guang Shan]] order) and stressed moral purity and honest government. He walked for eighteen days wearing a farmer's straw hat to spread his views.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Roy|first1=Denny|title=Taiwan: A Political History|date=2003|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=9780801488054|page=199|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DNqasVI-gWMC&q=Chen+Li-an+eighteen+days&pg=PA199}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Copper|first1=John Franklin|title=Taiwan's Mid-1990s Elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy|date=1998|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780275962074|page=106|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ShTkbedObTQC&q=Chen+Li-an+eighteen+days&pg=PA106}}</ref>
+A second independent ticket consisted of former Control Yuan President [[Chen Li-an]] for President and Control Yuan member [[Wang Ching-feng]] for Vice President. Chen Li-an, the son of former Premier and Vice President [[Chen Cheng]], used his [[Buddhist]] background (lay leader of the [[Fo Guang Shan]] order) and stressed moral purity and honest government. He walked for eighteen days wearing a farmer's straw hat to spread his views.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Roy|first1=Denny|title=Taiwan: A Political History|date=2003|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=9780801488054|page=199|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DNqasVI-gWMC&q=Chen+Li-an+eighteen+days&pg=PA199|access-date=2020-11-23|archive-date=2023-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412120911/https://books.google.com/books?id=DNqasVI-gWMC&q=Chen+Li-an+eighteen+days&pg=PA199|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Copper|first1=John Franklin|title=Taiwan's Mid-1990s Elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy|date=1998|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780275962074|page=106|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ShTkbedObTQC&q=Chen+Li-an+eighteen+days&pg=PA106}}</ref>
-Former Taipei mayor [[Kao Yu-shu]] declared an end to his candidacy in January 1996.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Copper|first1=John Franklin|title=Taiwan's Mid-1990s Elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy|date=1998|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780275962074|page=99|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ShTkbedObTQC&q=Kao+Yu-shu+1996+president&pg=PA99}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Sheng|first1=Virginia|title=Independents fault sign-up rules; One presidential hopeful abandons race in protest|url=http://www.taiwantoday.tw/fp.asp?xItem=13887&CtNode=122|accessdate=16 September 2016|work=Taiwan Today|date=12 January 1996|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816150453/http://www.taiwantoday.tw/fp.asp?xItem=13887&CtNode=122|archivedate=16 August 2016}}</ref> Feminist writer [[Shih Chi-ching]] also bid for the presidency, selecting Wu Yue-chen as her vice president. However, Shih and Wu's campaign ended after the Judicial Yuan ruled against them, finding that the ticket failed to meet the endorsement quota.<ref>{{cite news|author1=Han Cheung|title=Taiwan in Time:The 'Divorce Queen'|url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2017/01/08/2003662714|accessdate=8 January 2017|work=Taipei Times|date=8 January 2017}}</ref> [[Mudslinging]] was rampant between the remaining four presidential tickets. The KMT claimed that the Taiwanese mafia had amputated Peng's arm to recoup gambling debts. However, Peng had lost his arm in an American air raid on Nagasaki during World War II.<ref name="philly"/> Independent candidate Lin Yang-kang alleged that Lee Teng-hui had been a [[Chinese Communist Party]] member, which he denied at the time, but later admitted involvement in a 2002 interview.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Schmetzer|first1=Uli|title=Taiwanese Exercising Democracy|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1996-03-23/news/9603230063_1_mainland-affairs-council-taiwan-strait-president-lee-teng-hui|accessdate=25 September 2016|work=Chicago Tribune|date=23 March 1996}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Lin|first1=Mei-Chun|title=Lee admits to fling with Communism|url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2002/11/08/0000178746|accessdate=26 October 2014|publisher=Taipei Times|date=8 November 2002}}</ref> The Kuomintang's website was also subject to cyberattacks. Chen Li-an criticized every other candidate for their advanced age.<ref name="philly">{{cite news|last1=Lin|first1=Jennifer|title=Taiwan Campaigning Has A Familiar Ring|url=http://articles.philly.com/1996-03-21/news/25636813_1_kmt-peng-lin-yang-kang|accessdate=3 June 2016|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|date=21 March 1996}}</ref>
+Former Taipei mayor [[Kao Yu-shu]] declared an end to his candidacy in January 1996.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Copper|first1=John Franklin|title=Taiwan's Mid-1990s Elections: Taking the Final Steps to Democracy|date=1998|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780275962074|page=99|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ShTkbedObTQC&q=Kao+Yu-shu+1996+president&pg=PA99|access-date=2020-11-23|archive-date=2023-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412120924/https://books.google.com/books?id=ShTkbedObTQC&q=Kao+Yu-shu+1996+president&pg=PA99|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Sheng|first1=Virginia|title=Independents fault sign-up rules; One presidential hopeful abandons race in protest|url=http://www.taiwantoday.tw/fp.asp?xItem=13887&CtNode=122|access-date=16 September 2016|work=Taiwan Today|date=12 January 1996|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816150453/http://www.taiwantoday.tw/fp.asp?xItem=13887&CtNode=122|archive-date=16 August 2016}}</ref> Feminist writer [[Shih Chi-ching]] also bid for the presidency, selecting Wu Yue-chen as her vice president. However, Shih and Wu's campaign ended after the Judicial Yuan ruled against them, finding that the ticket failed to meet the endorsement quota.<ref>{{cite news|author1=Han Cheung|title=Taiwan in Time:The 'Divorce Queen'|url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2017/01/08/2003662714|access-date=8 January 2017|work=Taipei Times|date=8 January 2017|archive-date=8 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108143218/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2017/01/08/2003662714|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Mudslinging]] was rampant between the remaining four presidential tickets. The KMT claimed that the Taiwanese mafia had amputated Peng's arm to recoup gambling debts. However, Peng had lost his arm in an American air raid on Nagasaki during World War II.<ref name="philly"/> Independent candidate Lin Yang-kang alleged that Lee Teng-hui had been a [[Chinese Communist Party]] member, which he denied at the time, but later admitted involvement in a 2002 interview.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Schmetzer|first1=Uli|title=Taiwanese Exercising Democracy|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1996-03-23/news/9603230063_1_mainland-affairs-council-taiwan-strait-president-lee-teng-hui|access-date=25 September 2016|work=Chicago Tribune|date=23 March 1996|archive-date=27 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927054133/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1996-03-23/news/9603230063_1_mainland-affairs-council-taiwan-strait-president-lee-teng-hui|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Lin|first1=Mei-Chun|title=Lee admits to fling with Communism|url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2002/11/08/0000178746|access-date=26 October 2014|publisher=Taipei Times|date=8 November 2002|archive-date=26 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141026033015/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2002/11/08/0000178746|url-status=live}}</ref> The Kuomintang's website was also subject to cyberattacks. Chen Li-an criticized every other candidate for their advanced age.<ref name="philly">{{cite news|last1=Lin|first1=Jennifer|title=Taiwan Campaigning Has A Familiar Ring|url=http://articles.philly.com/1996-03-21/news/25636813_1_kmt-peng-lin-yang-kang|access-date=3 June 2016|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|date=21 March 1996|archive-date=23 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623221300/http://articles.philly.com/1996-03-21/news/25636813_1_kmt-peng-lin-yang-kang|url-status=live}}</ref>
-== 1996 Taiwan Strait Crisis ==
+==1996 Taiwan Strait Crisis==
 {{main|Third Taiwan Strait Crisis}}
-From March 8 to March 15, the [[People's Liberation Army]] sent [[ballistic missiles]] within {{convert|25|to|35|nmi|km|abbr=on|order=flip}} (just inside the ROC's territorial waters) off the ports of Keelung and Kaohsiung. This action was intended to intimidate the Taiwanese electorate into voting against Lee and Peng, which Beijing branded "absolutely identical in attempting to divide the motherland."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Roy|first1=Denny|title=Taiwan: A Political History|date=2003|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=9780801488054|page=198|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DNqasVI-gWMC&pg=PA198}}</ref> Similarly, Chen Li-an warned, "If you vote for Lee Teng-hui, you are choosing war."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Crowell |first1=Todd |last2=Bodeen |first2=Chris |title=Confrontations |url=http://edition.cnn.com/ASIANOW/asiaweek/96/0315/nat6.html|accessdate=3 June 2016 |publisher=CNN |date=15 March 1996}}</ref> The crisis came to an end when two U.S. [[aircraft carrier]] battle groups were positioned near Taiwan.<ref name="jstor">{{cite journal|last1=Wu|first1=Yu-Shan|title=Taiwan's Domestic Politics and Cross-Strait Relations|journal=The China Journal|date=January 2005|volume=53|issue=53|pages=35–60 |doi=10.2307/20065991 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161001195300/http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/research/researchcentres/cpd/easg/easg_calendar/taiwan27s_domestic_politics_and_cross-strait_relations.pdf |jstor=20065991 |s2cid=145301834|url=http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/research/researchcentres/cpd/easg/easg_calendar/taiwan27s_domestic_politics_and_cross-strait_relations.pdf |archivedate=1 October 2016}}</ref>
+From March 8 to March 15, the [[People's Liberation Army]] sent [[ballistic missiles]] within {{convert|25|to|35|nmi|km|abbr=on|order=flip}} (just inside the ROC's territorial waters) off the ports of Keelung and Kaohsiung. This action was intended to intimidate the Taiwanese electorate into voting against Lee and Peng, which Beijing branded "absolutely identical in attempting to divide the motherland."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Roy|first1=Denny|title=Taiwan: A Political History|date=2003|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=9780801488054|page=198|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DNqasVI-gWMC&pg=PA198|access-date=2016-06-03|archive-date=2023-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412120922/https://books.google.com/books?id=DNqasVI-gWMC&pg=PA198|url-status=live}}</ref> Similarly, Chen Li-an warned, "If you vote for Lee Teng-hui, you are choosing war."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Crowell |first1=Todd |last2=Bodeen |first2=Chris |title=Confrontations |url=http://edition.cnn.com/ASIANOW/asiaweek/96/0315/nat6.html |access-date=3 June 2016 |publisher=CNN |date=15 March 1996 |archive-date=7 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807081055/http://edition.cnn.com/ASIANOW/asiaweek/96/0315/nat6.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The crisis came to an end when two U.S. [[aircraft carrier]] battle groups were positioned near Taiwan.<ref name="jstor">{{cite journal|author1-link=Wu Yu-shan|last1=Wu|first1=Yu-Shan|title=Taiwan's Domestic Politics and Cross-Strait Relations|journal=The China Journal|date=January 2005|volume=53|issue=53|pages=35–60 |doi=10.2307/20065991 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161001195300/http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/research/researchcentres/cpd/easg/easg_calendar/taiwan27s_domestic_politics_and_cross-strait_relations.pdf |jstor=20065991 |s2cid=145301834|url=http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/research/researchcentres/cpd/easg/easg_calendar/taiwan27s_domestic_politics_and_cross-strait_relations.pdf |archive-date=1 October 2016}}</ref>
-Lee, who told his people to resist "[[state terrorism]],"<ref>{{cite news|last1=Chinoy|first1=Mike|title=Chinese premier urges U.S. not to 'aggravate' situation|url=http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9603/china_taiwan/17/|accessdate=25 September 2016|publisher=CNN.com|date=17 March 1996}}</ref> was seen as a strong leader who could negotiate with the PRC. Because of this, many constituents from southern Taiwan who favored [[Taiwan independence movement|independence]] voted for him.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tyler|first1=Patrick E.|title=Taiwan's leader wins its election and a mandate|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/24/world/taiwan-s-leader-wins-its-election-and-a-mandate.html|accessdate=25 September 2016|work=New York Times|date=24 March 1996}}</ref>
+Lee, who told his people to resist "[[state terrorism]],"<ref>{{cite news|last1=Chinoy|first1=Mike|title=Chinese premier urges U.S. not to 'aggravate' situation|url=http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9603/china_taiwan/17/|access-date=25 September 2016|publisher=CNN.com|date=17 March 1996|archive-date=25 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325125657/http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9603/china_taiwan/17/|url-status=live}}</ref> was seen as a strong leader who could negotiate with the PRC. Because of this, many constituents from southern Taiwan who favored [[Taiwan independence movement|independence]] voted for him.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tyler|first1=Patrick E.|title=Taiwan's leader wins its election and a mandate|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/24/world/taiwan-s-leader-wins-its-election-and-a-mandate.html|access-date=25 September 2016|work=New York Times|date=24 March 1996|archive-date=9 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309051533/http://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/24/world/taiwan-s-leader-wins-its-election-and-a-mandate.html|url-status=live}}</ref> One Taipei newspaper, ''[[United Daily News]]'' reported that up to 14 to 15 percent of Lee's 54% vote share came from DPP supporters.<ref name="bellows">{{cite book|last1=Bellows|first1=Thomas J.|title="The March 1996 Elections in the Republic of China on Taiwan" - American Journal of Chinese Studies (Vol. 3, No. 2, October 1996)|location=|isbn=|pages=243}}</ref>
 ==Results==
@@ Line 109: / Line 114: @@
 ==References==
-{{reflist|30em}}
+{{reflist}}
 {{Taiwanese elections}}
+{{Republic of China presidential elections}}
+[[Category:1996 elections in Taiwan|President]]
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Taiwanese presidential election, 1996}}
-[[Category:1996 elections in Taiwan|presidential election]]
+[[Category:1996 elections in Asia|Taiwan]]
-[[Category:Presidential elections in Taiwan|1996]]
+[[Category:Presidential elections in Taiwan]]
-[[Category:March 1996 events in Asia]]
+[[Category:March 1996 events in Asia|Taiwan]]

v t e Elections and referendums in Taiwan
Presidential elections	1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024 2028
Legislative Yuan elections	1969 1972 1975 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024 Next
Local elections	1935 1936 1939 1940 1946 1950–51 1952 1954 1955 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1963 1964 1965 1968 1969 1971 1972 1973 1975 1977 1978 1981 1982 1985 1986 1989 1990 1993 1994 1997–98 2001–02 2005–06 2009 2010 2014 2018 2022 2026
Referendums	2004 2008 (Jan) 2008 (Mar) 2018 2021 2022
National Assembly elections	1969 1972 1980 1986 1991 1996 2005
See also: Elections in the Republic of China (1912–49) List of by-elections in Taiwan

v t e Republic of China presidential elections
Beiyang government (1912–1928)	1911 1912 1913 1916 1918 1923
Indirect elections (1948–1996)	1948 1954 1960 1966 1972 1978 1984 1990
Direct elections (1996–)	1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024