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An '''identity provider''' (abbreviated '''IdP''') is a system entity that creates, maintains, and manages identity information for [[security principal|principals]] while providing authentication services to relying applications within a federation or distributed network.<ref>[http://kb.mit.edu/confluence/display/glossary/IdP+(Identity+Provider) IdP (Identity Provider)], ''mit.edu''. Retrieved 25 July 2016.</ref><ref>[https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/download.php/21111/saml-glossary-2.0-os.html#Identity%20Provider Glossary for the OASIS Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) V2.0], 2005, ''oasis-open.org''. Retrieved 25 July 2016.</ref>
 
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Identity providers offer user authentication as a service. Relying party applications, such as web applications, outsource the user authentication step to a trusted identity provider. Such a relying party application is said to be ''federated'', that is, it consumes [[federated identity]].
 
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An identity provider is “a trusted provider that lets you use [[single sign-on]] (SSO) to access other websites.”<ref>[https://help.salesforce.com/HTViewHelpDoc?id=identity_provider_about.htm Identity Providers and Service Providers], ''salesforce.com''. Retrieved 25 July 2016.</ref> SSO enhances usability by reducing [[password fatigue]]. It also provides better security by decreasing the potential attack surface.
 
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==Types of identity providers==
 
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===SAML identity provider===
 
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The [[Security Assertion Markup Language]] (SAML) is a set of profiles for exchanging authentication and authorization data across security domains. In the SAML domain model, an identity provider is a special type of authentication authority. Specifically, a [[identity provider (SAML)|SAML identity provider]] is a system entity that issues authentication assertions in conjunction with an SSO profile of SAML. A relying party that consumes these authentication assertions is called a [[service provider (SAML)|SAML service provider]].
 
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===OpenID provider===
 
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[[OpenID Connect]] (OIDC) is an identity layer on top of [[OAuth]]. In the domain model associated with OIDC, an identity provider is a special type of OAuth&nbsp;2.0 authorization server. Specifically, a system entity called an OpenID Provider issues [[JSON]]-formatted identity tokens to OIDC relying parties via a [[RESTful]] [[HTTP]] [[API]].
 
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==Examples of IdPs==
* [https://www.okta.com Okta]: Gartner/Forrester #1 Rated IDaaS.{{cn|date=March 2019}} Only independent & neutral IAM with FedRAMP Authorization.{{cn|date=March 2019}} Single sign on (SSO), Adaptive Multi Factoring Authentication, Provisioning, Secure Server Access (Zero Trust), API Access. Provides highly scalable, Always On for all size organizations.
* [https://www.onelogin.com/ OneLogin]: Enterprise-class IdP.{{cn|date=March 2019}} On-prem, Hybrid and Cloud solutions. Single sign on, Multi-factor authentication, password reset, Provisioning and adaptive authentication
* [https://hitachi-id.com/password-manager/ Hitachi ID Password Manager]: On-Prem and Cloud Based IDP (and SP) for Enterprise. IDP is SAMLv2. SP can also do OAuth. Various authentication options/combinations available.
* [https://www.pingidentity.com/en.html Ping Identity]: On-Prem, Hybrid, and Cloud Based IDP (and SP) for Enterprise, OIDC/SAML/OAuth - Standards based solution.
* [https://www.secureauth.com/company SecureAuth Identity]: On-Prem and Cloud Based IDP (and SP) for Enterprise, Adaptive Authentication
* [https://github.com/pwdless/cierge Cierge]: Open source, provides email-based OIDC passwordless authentication
* [http://www.keycloak.org/ Keycloak]: Open source, [[Java]]-based OIDC/SAML IdP
* [https://auth0.com/ Auth0]: Commercial OIDC IdP
* [https://www.gluu.org/ Gluu]: Commercial OIDC/SAML IdP
* [https://idp.miniorange.com miniOrange]: On-Premise and Cloud Based IDP (and SAML SP) for Enterprise, SAML/OAuth
* [https://www.forgerock.com/ ForgeRock]: On-Prem, Hybrid, and Cloud Based IDP, OIDC/SAML/OAuth/UMA, Intelligent Authentication
* [https://www.onegini.com Onegini] : On-Premise and Cloud Based IdP, OIDC/SAML/OAuth
* [https://www.iwelcome.com / iWelcome] : Cloud Based IDP, OIDC/SAML/OAuth
*[Https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/identity/active-directory-federation-services ADFS] : On-Prem identity provider included as a part of Windows Server
 
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==See also==
 
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* [[Federated identity]]
* Identity management
* [[Identity management system]]
* [[identity provider (SAML)|SAML identity provider]]
 
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==References==
 
<references />
 
[[Category:Computer access control]]