While cookie disclaimers on websites have been proposed to ensure that users make informed decisions regarding consenting to data collection via cookies, such informed consent is hindered by several factors. One of them is the presence of so-...

The proliferation of spam emails, a predominant form of online harassment, has elevated the significance of email in daily life. As a consequence, a substantial portion of individuals remain vulnerable to fraudulent activities. Despite Gmail’s “...

Websites use Cookies to store the information and preferences of users and may collect this information for different purposes such as session continuity, customized experience for users, and a data source for the advertisement strategies of third ...

Especially in e-commerce and associated online marketing, web cookies play an essential role as they provide information that is key, for instance, to improving website functionality and customization. With the 2019 ruling of the Court of Justice ...

Cookies are used as authentication tokens after successfully validating users by web applications. As they are stored on the client’s side, it makes them vulnerable to hijacking, stealing, and unauthorized distribution. There are methods in the ...

Protecting web applications is becoming challenging every passing day, primarily because of attack sophistication, omnipresence of web applications and over-reliance on traditional Web Application Firewalls (WAFs). Advanced Persistent ...

In this paper, we describe the development of a system for checking websites for compliance with the European standard on personal data processing - GDPR. The relevance of this problem is dictated by the entry into force of the General Data Protection ...

Browser fingerprinting has established itself as a stateless technique to identify users on the Web. In particular, it is a highly criticized technique to track users. However, we believe that this identification technique can serve more virtuous ...

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is in effect since May of 2018. As one of the most comprehensive pieces of legislation concerning privacy, it sparked a lot of discussion on the effect it would have on users and providers of online services ...

Online user privacy and tracking have been extensively studied in recent years, especially due to privacy and personal data-related legislations in the EU and the USA, such as the General Data Protection Regulation, ePrivacy Regulation, and California ...

Website cookies have become an indispensable part of today’s e-commerce due to the high benefits they provide to companies. However, to leverage their full potential, a multitude of legal framework conditions must be taken into account. A ...

The results of the Cisco 2018 Annual Security Report show that all analyzed web applications have at least one vulnerability. It also shows that web attacks are becoming more frequent, specific and sophisticated. According to this ...

In response, the European Union has adopted the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), a legislative framework for data protection empowering individuals to control their data. Since its adoption on May 25th, 2018, its real-world implications ...

The Internet of Things (IoT) is now a buzzword for Internet connectivity which extends to embedded devices, sensors and other objects connected to the Internet. Rapid development of this technology has led to the usage of various embedded devices in our ...

Internet of Things (IoT) is an upcoming platform where information and communication technology connect multiple embedded devices to the Internet for performing information exchange. Owing to the immense development of this technology, embedded devices ...

Cookies are used by over 80% of Web applications utilizing dynamic Web application frameworks. Applications deploying cookies must be rigorously verified to ensure that the application is robust and secure. Given the intense time-to-market pressures ...

There is an increasing public and policy awareness that tracking cookies are being used to support behavioral advertising, but the extent to which tracking is occurring is not clear. The extent of tracking could have implications for the enforceability ...

Cross Site Scripting (XSS) makes victims execute an arbitrary script and leaks out personal information from victims' computers. An adversary can easily get victim's cookies by the XSS attack. If the adversary cannot use the stolen cookies to ...

Concern for privacy when users are surfing on the Web has increased recently. Nowadays, many users are aware that when they are accessing Web sites, these Web sites can track them and create profiles on the elements they access, the advertisements they ...

Nowadays, Internet users are depending on various search engines in order to be able to find requested information on the Web. Although most users feel that they are and remain anonymous when they place their search queries, reality proves otherwise. ...